Mental Ability, Analytical and Logical Reasoning (UPSC) Part-VII

Total Questions: 50

11. Following is a matrix of certain entries. The entries follow a certain trend row-wise. Choose the missing entry (?) accordingly. [2021-II]

(a) 9B
(b) 3A
(c) 3B
(d) 3C

Correct Answer: (c) 3B

Solution:

In each row letter A, B and C comes in pattern,
∴ ? = 3B

12. You are given two identical sequences in two rows: [2021-II]

What is the entry in the place of C for the Sequence-II?

(a) 2.5
(b) 5
(c) 9.375
(d) 32.8125

Correct Answer: (c) 9.375

Solution:Series I:

Series II:

∴ C = 9.375

13. A Statement followed by Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II is given below. You have to take the statement to be true even if it seems to be at variance with the commonly known facts. [2021-II]

Statement: Some cats are almirahs. Some State almirahs are chairs. All chairs are tables.
Conclusion-I: Certainly some almirahs are tables.
Conclusion-II: Some cats may not be chairs.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Only Conclusion-I
(b) Only Conclusion-II
(c) Both Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II
(d) Neither Conclusion-I nor Conclusion-II

Correct Answer: (c) Both Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II

Solution:

Hence, conclusion I and II follows

14. A boy plays with a ball and he drops it from a height of 1.5 m. Every time the ball hits the ground, it bounces back to attain a height 4/5th of the previous height. The ball does not bounce further if the previous height is less than 50 cm. What is the number of times the ball hits the ground before the ball stops bouncing? [2021-II]

(a) 4
(b) 5
(c) 6
(d) 7

Correct Answer: (b) 5

Solution:

Initial height = 1.5 m = 150 cm

Height attained after 1st bounce = 150 × (4/5) = 120 cm

Height after 2nd bounce = 150 × (4/5)² = 96 cm
Height after 3rd bounce = 150 × (4/5)³ = 76.8 cm
Similarly height after 5th bounce = 150 × (4/5)⁵ < 50 cm

Hence, ball bounce 5th times before the ball stop bouncing.

15. Images of consonants of the English alphabet (Capitals) are observed in a mirror. What is the number of images of these which do not look like their original shapes? [2021-II]

(a) 13
(b) 14
(c) 15
(d) 16

Correct Answer: (b) 14

Solution:All the consonants of the English alphabet are:
B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y, Z
So, there are a total of 21 consonants.
The number of consonants whose images look like them are:
H, M, T, V, W, X and Y
Therefore, there are a total of 7 such consonants.
Hence, the number of consonants whose images do not look like them = 21 - 7 = 14

16. A bank employee drives 10 km towards South from her house and turns to her left and drives another 20 km. She again turns left and drives 40 km, then she turns to her right and drives for another 5 km. She again turns to her right and drives another 30 km to reach her bank where she works. What is the shortest distance between her bank and her house? [2021-II]

(a) 20 km
(b) 25 km
(c) 30 km
(d) 35 km

Correct Answer: (b) 25 km

Solution:

Distance between house and bank = 20 + 5 = 25 Km

17. A woman runs 12 km towards her North, then 6 km towards her South and then 8 km towards her East. In which direction is she from her starting point? [2021-II]

(a) An angle less than 45° South of East
(b) An angle less than 45° North of East
(c) An angle more than 45° South of East
(d) An angle more than 45° North of East

Correct Answer: (b) An angle less than 45° North of East

Solution:

So, women is in North-East direction with respect to starting point.

18. From January 1, 2021, the price of petrol (in Rupees per litre) on the mth day of the year is 80 + 0.1m, where m = 1, 2, 3, ..., 100 and thereafter remains constant. On the other hand, the price of diesel (in Rupees per litre) on nth day of 2021 is 69 + 0.15n for any n. On which date in the year 2021 are the prices of these two fuels equal? [2021-II]

(a) 21st May
(b) 20th May
(c) 19th May
(d) 18th May

Correct Answer: (b) 20th May

Solution:

Price of petrol after 100 days = 80 + 0.1 × 100 = 90
Let price of diesel after nth day = 69 + 0.15n
69 + 0.15n = 90
0.15n = 90 - 69 = 21
∴ n = 21 / 0.15 = 140th day

140th day of 2021 = 20th May 2021.

19. In a class, 60% of students are from India and 50% of the students are girls. If 30% of the Indian students are girls, then what percentage of foreign students are boys? [2021-II]

(a) 45%
(b) 40%
(c) 30%
(d) 20%

Correct Answer: (d) 20%

Solution:Let total students = 1000
Indian students = 60% = 600

Foreign students = 40% = 400
Boys students = girl students = 50% = 500

Number of boys from India = 600 × (100 - 30) / 100 = 420
Number of boys from foreign = 500 - 420 = 80

∴ Required percent = (80 / 400) × 100 = 20%

20. A Statement followed by Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II is given below. You have to take the Statement to be true even if it seems to be at variance from the commonly known facts. [2021-II]

Statement: Some radios are mobiles. All mobiles are computers. Some computers are watches.
Conclusion-I: Certainly some radios are watches.
Conclusion-II: Certainly some mobiles are watches.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Only Conclusion-I
(b) Only Conclusion-II
(c) Both Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II
(d) Neither Conclusion-I nor Conclusion-II

Correct Answer: (d) Neither Conclusion-I nor Conclusion-II

Solution:

Hence, neither conclusion I nor II follows.

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Mental Ability, Analytical and Logical Reasoning (UPSC) Part-VII

11. Following is a matrix of certain entries. The entries follow a certain trend row-wise. Choose the missing entry (?) accordingly. [2021-II]

12. You are given two identical sequences in two rows: [2021-II]

13. A Statement followed by Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II is given below. You have to take the statement to be true even if it seems to be at variance with the commonly known facts. [2021-II]

15. Images of consonants of the English alphabet (Capitals) are observed in a mirror. What is the number of images of these which do not look like their original shapes? [2021-II]

17. A woman runs 12 km towards her North, then 6 km towards her South and then 8 km towards her East. In which direction is she from her starting point? [2021-II]

19. In a class, 60% of students are from India and 50% of the students are girls. If 30% of the Indian students are girls, then what percentage of foreign students are boys? [2021-II]

20. A Statement followed by Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II is given below. You have to take the Statement to be true even if it seems to be at variance from the commonly known facts. [2021-II]

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