MICROBIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY (Part-II)

Total Questions: 50

31. Which of the following is induced by Oncogene? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 10.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Polio
(b) Cancer
(c) Diarrhoea
(d) Dengue

Correct Answer: (b) Cancer

Solution:Oncogenes are genes that have the potential to cause cancer. In their normal, unmutated form, they are called proto-oncogenes and regulate cell growth and division. When proto-oncogenes mutate or are expressed at abnormally high levels, they become oncogenes, promoting uncontrolled cell proliferation, which is a hallmark of cancer.

32. Which of the following diseases is of non-communicable in nature? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 11.08.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Cholera
(b) Smallpox
(c) Tuberculosis
(d) Cancer

Correct Answer: (d) Cancer

Solution:Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic diseases that are not passed from person to person. Cancer, along with heart disease, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases, falls into this category. The other options are all infectious and thus communicable diseases.

33. Which drug is used as an Anti-Histamine? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 7.02.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Fexofenadine
(b) Ranitidine
(c) Promethazine
(d) Ibuprofen

Correct Answer: (c) Promethazine

Solution:Anti-histamines are drugs that block the secretion of histamine. Histamine increases inflammation and allergic reactions in the body. Drugs such as promethazine are used to reduce the allergic reaction.

34. Which of the following procedures treats spinal stenosis? [C.P.O. S.I. 6.06.2016 (Shift-I)]

(a) Laminectomy
(b) Corpectomy
(c) Foraminotomy
(d) All of the above

Correct Answer: (d) All of the above

Solution:Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal, which can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves, leading to pain, numbness, or weakness. Laminectomy, corpectomy, and foraminotomy are all surgical techniques used to relieve this pressure by removing bone or tissue that is encroaching on the spinal canal or nerve roots.

35. Which of the following diseases is not water borne? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 20.08.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) Hepatitis A
(b) Cholera
(c) Measles
(d) Typhoid

Correct Answer: (b) Cholera

Solution:Measles is an infection you get from a virus. The measles virus lives in the mucus of the nose and throat. It’s spread through the air and by coming into direct contact with someone who has it. The virus can stay active on surfaces and in the air for up to 2 hours.

36. What type of microbe causes typhoid? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 19.02.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) Fungus
(b) Bacteria
(c) Protozoa
(d) Viral

Correct Answer: (b) Bacteria

Solution:Typhoid fever is an acute illness associated with fever caused by the Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria. It can also be caused by Salmonella paratyphi, a related bacterium that usually causes a less severe illness. The bacteria are deposited in water or food by a human carrier and are then spread to other people in the area.

37. If waste materials contaminate the source of drinking water, which of the following diseases will spread? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 10.09.2016 (Shift-III)]

(a) Scurvy
(b) Typhoid
(c) Malaria
(d) Anaemia

Correct Answer: (b) Typhoid

38. Which type of pathogen causes the waterborne disease SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 25.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Viral
(b) Protozoa
(c) Parasitic
(d) Bacterial

Correct Answer: (a) Viral

Solution:Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease caused by a SARS-associated coronavirus. It was first identified at the end of February 2003 during an outbreak that emerged in China and spread to 4 other countries. SARS is an airborne virus and can spread through small droplets of saliva in a similar way to the cold and influenza.

39. Which of the following diseases is spread by pigs? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 1.03.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) Zika
(b) Plague
(c) Nipah
(d) Swine flu

Correct Answer: (d) Swine flu

Solution:Swine Influenza (swine flu) is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza virus that regularly causes outbreaks of influenza in pigs. Swine flu viruses do not usually infect humans, but rare human infections have occurred.

40. What type of pathogen causes the water-borne disease schistosomiasis? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 18.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Parasitic
(b) Bacterial
(c) Protozoa
(d) Viral

Correct Answer: (a) Parasitic

Solution:Schistosomiasis, also known as snail fever or bilharzia, is caused by parasitic flatworms (flukes) of the genus Schistosoma. Humans become infected when they come into contact with fresh water contaminated with the larval forms of the parasite, which emerge from infected snails. This clearly makes it a parasitic, water-borne disease.

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