MICROBIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY (Part-II)

41. Which of the following is a disease caused by protozoa? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 18.03.2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) Kala Azar
(b) AIDS
(c) Rabies
(d) Small Pox

Correct Answer: (a) Kala Azar

Solution:Black Fever or Kala Azar is a disease caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus. Leishmania donovani is the only parasite in India that causes this disease. It affects the skin, causing sores, with prolonged symptoms of fever and weakness.

42. Who discovered the Cholera-causing germ? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 8.08.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Filippo Pacini
(b) Robert Koch
(c) M. Laveran
(d) Felix Hoffman

Correct Answer: (b) Robert Koch

Solution:Dr. Robert Koch has sought to explain the cause of certain diseases upon the hypothesis of the action of pathogenic germs, invisible to the human eye. Upon the microscopic examination of the stools of cholera cases, he found different forms and kinds of germs, and among these was one of comma-shape, which he fancied was the cause of this disease.

43. Which of the following diseases is caused by a parasite? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 16.08.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Pneumonia
(b) Malaria
(c) Goitre
(d) Plague

Correct Answer: (b) Malaria

Solution:Malaria is a vector (carrier)-borne disease. The carrier or vector of the malaria parasite is the mosquito. Even in mosquitoes Not all types of mosquitoes, but through the bite of female Anopheles mosquito, the parasite ‘Plasmodium’, the causative of malaria, enters the blood from one human to another.

44. Which mosquito carries the parasite of malaria? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 21.08.2019 (Shift-II)]

(a) Female Anopheles
(b) Male Anopheles
(c) Male Aedes aegypti
(d) Female Aedes aegypti

Correct Answer: (a) Female Anopheles

Solution:

Only female mosquitoes bite because they need blood meals to produce eggs. The Anopheles genus of mosquito is the sole vector for the Plasmodium parasite that causes malaria in humans.

45. Which causative agent causes the disease of malaria? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 22.10.2021 (Shift-III)]

(a) Bacteria
(b) Fungi
(c) Virus
(d) Parasite

Correct Answer: (d) Parasite

46. What causes malaria and kala azar? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 14.02.2019 (Shift-III)]

(a) Protozoa
(b) Bacterium (Bacteria)
(c) Fungus
(d) Virus

Correct Answer: (a) Protozoa

Solution:Malaria and Kala Azar are parasitic (protozoan) diseases. Protozoa are one-celled animals, which also have many disease agents. The parasite of Kala Azar is also Leishmania donovani. Malaria is caused by parasitic protozoa of the class Plasmodium.

47. Brain fever is a disease spread through which of the following? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 9.01.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Flies
(b) Mosquito
(c) Virus
(d) Cockroach

Correct Answer: (b) Mosquito

Solution:Encephalitis or brain fever is an acute inflammation or swelling of the brain, typically resulting from a viral infection or the body’s immune system mistakenly attacking brain tissue. Viruses are the most common cause of encephalitis. They can include HSV, measles, and viruses spread by mosquitoes, ticks, and other insects.

48. Which drug is used as an Anti-Diabetic drug? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 20.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Metformin
(b) Zolpidem
(c) Promethazine
(d) Hydralazine

Correct Answer: (a) Metformin

Solution:Metformin also acts at the organism level. In type 2 diabetes patients, metformin reduces hyperglycemia and increases insulin sensitivity by enhancing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in muscles, liver, and adipose tissue and by reducing glucose output by the liver.

49. Which compound is used in Anti-malarial drug? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 17.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Aspirin
(b) Neosporin
(c) Chloroquine
(d) Antacid

Correct Answer: (c) Chloroquine

Solution:Chloroquine is used to prevent and treat malaria. It is also used to treat liver infection caused by protozoa (extraintestinal amebiasis). Chloroquine may also be used to treat corona virus (COVID-19) in certain hospitalized patients.

50. Analgesics _____ . [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 7.02.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Relieve acidity
(b) Relieve pain
(c) Relieve itching
(d) Relieve bloating

Correct Answer: (b) Relieve pain

Solution:Analgesics are medications that relieve pain. Unlike medications used for anesthesia during surgery, analgesics don’t turn off nerves, change the ability to sense your surroundings or alter consciousness. They are sometimes called painkillers or pain relievers.