MICROBIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY (Part-IV)

Total Questions: 29

1. Who among the following discovered vaccination against anthrax? [S.S.C. JE Mechanical Exam 22.03.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Maurice Hillman
(b) Louis Pasteur
(c) Edward Jenner
(d) Robert Koch

Correct Answer: (b) Louis Pasteur

Solution:Anthrax is a bacterial disease that mainly occurs in animals. French scientist Louis Pasteur first campaigned for anthrax vaccination and made the vaccine. He also discovered rabies vaccine and pasteurization of milk. Edward Jenner invented the smallpox vaccine, and Robert Koch invented the TB vaccine and discovered the bacteria of disease and cholera. Maurice Hillman was an American microbiologist.

2. Which of the following diseases CANNOT be prevented by vaccination? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 12.04.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) Rabies
(b) Beri beri
(c) Typhoid
(d) Measles

Correct Answer: (b) Beri beri

Solution:Beri beri is a disease caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1) in the diet. It is not caused by bacteria or viruses, so it cannot be prevented by vaccination. The best way to prevent beri beri is to ensure that the diet includes adequate amounts of thiamine-rich foods such as whole grains, nuts, seeds, and lean meats. In cases of severe deficiency, thiamine supplements may also be prescribed.

3. Which of the following is a contagious disease? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 1.03.2019 (Shift-II)]

(a) Tuberculosis
(b) Stroke
(c) Asthma
(d) Diabetes

Correct Answer: (a) Tuberculosis

Solution:Tuberculosis is a serious disease that usually affects the lungs. Tuberculosis or TB is spread through coughing, sneezing, or breathing of infected people. The TB bacterium is called Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which spreads through the air. BCG vaccine is given to prevent this disease.

4. BCG vaccine is given to protect from which of the following? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 27.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Jaundice
(b) Anaemia
(c) Tuberculosis
(d) Polio

Correct Answer: (c) Tuberculosis

5. For immunity against which of the following diseases is BCG vaccine given? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 22.10.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Chickenpox
(b) Polio
(c) Tuberculosis
(d) Asthma

Correct Answer: (c) Tuberculosis

6. Which drug is used to treat osteoporosis? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 21.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Risedronate
(b) Tremadol
(c) Promethazine
(d) Levothyroxine

Correct Answer: (a) Risedronate

Solution:Risedronate is a bisphosphonate medication used to prevent and treat osteoporosis. It works by slowing down the bone breakdown process, helping to maintain bone density and reduce the risk of fractures.

7. A medical procedure, during which a small sample of tissue is removed from a part of the body, is— [S.S.C. Online Stenographer 14.09.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) MRI
(b) CT Scan
(c) Biopsy
(d) All options are correct

Correct Answer: (c) Biopsy

Solution:A biopsy is a medical test involving the removal of cells or tissues for examination by a pathologist. It is often performed to diagnose cancer or other diseases. MRI and CT scans are imaging techniques that visualize internal structures without removing tissue.

8. _____ is used to measure the pressure inside the eyes of a person. [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 24.08.2021 (Shift-II)]

(a) Viscometer
(b) Machmeter
(c) Tonometer
(d) Odometer

Correct Answer: (c) Tonometer

Solution:A tonometer is an instrument used to measure the intraocular pressure (IOP) inside the eye. This measurement is crucial for screening and monitoring conditions like glaucoma, where elevated IOP can damage the optic nerve.

9. Bariatric surgery makes change to a person’s: [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 6.06.2019 (Shift-III)]

(a) Lungs
(b) Digestive System
(c) Nasal Passage
(d) Heart

Correct Answer: (b) Digestive System

Solution:Bariatric surgery refers to a group of procedures performed on the stomach and/or intestines to help people with severe obesity lose weight. These surgeries modify the digestive system to limit food intake and/or reduce nutrient absorption.

10. A Computed _____ scan is a medical imaging technique that uses computer processed combinations of multiple X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce tomographic images of a body, allowing doctors to see inside the body without invasive procedures. [S.S.C. JE Mechanical Exam 22.03.2021 (Shift-II)]

(a) Tomography
(b) Tapping
(c) Topography
(d) Tracking

Correct Answer: (a) Tomography

Solution:Computed tomography scan (CT scan) is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of multiple X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce tomographic images of the body, allowing doctors to inspect the facility of seeing within the body without invasive procedures.

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