Miscellaneous and Useful Chemical Compounds (Chemistry) (Part-7)

Total Questions: 39

11. Ionizing ____ has/have sufficient energy to affect the atoms in living cells and thereby damage their genetic material. [S.S.C. JE Electrical Exam 10.12.2020 (Shift-II) ]

Correct Answer: (c) Radiation
Solution:Ionizing radiation has enough energy to affect the atoms in living cells and damage their genetic material. Ionic radiation damages the reproductive cells, resulting in changes that pass from one generation to the next. Ionizing radiation is also known as radioactivity.

12. Which of the following drugs has been held largely responsible for nearly wiping out the population of vultures from India? [S.S.C. JE Civil Exam 30.10.2020 (Shift-I) ]

Correct Answer: (a) Diclofenac
Solution:Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that was widely used to treat livestock in India. When vultures fed on the carcasses of cattle that had recently been treated with diclofenac, they suffered from kidney failure, leading to a catastrophic decline in vulture populations across India and other parts of South Asia. The widespread use of diclofenac in veterinary medicine was identified as the primary cause of this ecological disaster. Its use has since been banned for veterinary purposes in India and several other countries to protect vulture populations.

13. Which of the following acid acts as an electrolyte in a lead storage battery? [C.P.O. S.I. 6.06.2016 (Shift-I)]

Correct Answer: (a) Sulfuric acid
Solution:A lead-acid battery (or lead storage battery) is a rechargeable battery primarily used in automobiles. The electrolyte in these batteries is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). During discharge, sulfuric acid reacts with the lead plates, and during charging, the process is reversed. The concentration of sulfuric acid changes during discharge and charge cycles, which is why a hydrometer can be used to check the battery's state of charge.

14. Which of the following acid is used in lead storage batteries? [S.S.C. Online Stenographer 14.09.2017 (Shift-I) ]

Correct Answer: (c) sulfuric acid
Solution:A lead-acid battery (or lead storage battery) is a rechargeable battery primarily used in automobiles. The electrolyte in these batteries is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). During discharge, sulfuric acid reacts with the lead plates, and during charging, the process is reversed. The concentration of sulfuric acid changes during discharge and charge cycles, which is why a hydrometer can be used to check the battery's state of charge.

15. A traditional 'battery' contains which of the following chemicals? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 10.06.2019 (Shift-III) ]

Correct Answer: (d) Sulphuric Acid
Solution:In a conventional battery, sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is used as an electrolyte. In a cell or battery, usually in a solution of dilute sulfuric acid, the current from the copper plate anode travels through the external circuit to the cathode. The cathode is usually a zinc (Zn) plate.

16. Which of the following substances smell like ethanoic acid? [C.P.O. S.I. 6.06.2016 (Shift-I) ]

Correct Answer: (c) Vinegar
Solution:Ethanoic acid is the chemical name for acetic acid (). Vinegar is essentially a dilute aqueous solution of acetic acid (typically 5-8% acetic acid). The characteristic pungent and sour smell of vinegar is due to the presence of acetic acid.

17. Which of the following has a strong fruity fragrance? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-1) 4.06.2019 (Shift-II) ]

Correct Answer: (c) Ethyl Acetate
Solution:Ethyl Acetate (): This is a very common ester known for its distinctive sweet, fruity smell, often described as pear-like or nail polish remover-like. It's widely used as a solvent and in perfumes and flavorings.

18. What is the correct combination of marsh gas? [C.P.O. S.I. 4.06.2016 (Shift-I) ]

Correct Answer: (c) CH₄
Solution:Marsh gas is the common name for methane (). It is called marsh gas because it is naturally produced by the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in wetlands, marshes, swamps, and rice paddies. It's a potent greenhouse gas.

19. Who is responsible for the discovery of hydrogen? [C.P.O. S.I. 4.06.2016 (Shift-I) ]

Correct Answer: (d) Henry Cavendish
Solution:Henry Cavendish (1731–1810) was a British natural philosopher, scientist, and eccentric. He is credited with distinguishing hydrogen as a distinct element and accurately describing its properties. He discovered hydrogen in 1766 by isolating it from reactions of metals with acids and called it "inflammable air" because it burned. Antoine Lavoisier later named it "hydrogen."

20. Who discovered Hydrogen? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 9.10.2017 (Shift-III) ]

Correct Answer: (a) Henry Cavendish
Solution:Henry Cavendish (1731–1810) was a British natural philosopher, scientist, and eccentric. He is credited with distinguishing hydrogen as a distinct element and accurately describing its properties. He discovered hydrogen in 1766 by isolating it from reactions of metals with acids and called it "inflammable air" because it burned. Antoine Lavoisier later named it "hydrogen."