Miscellaneous And Useful Chemical Compounds (Part-IV)

41. Which of the following is present in nail polish remover? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 21.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Citric acid
(b) Acetone
(c) Ethylene
(d) Benzene

Correct Answer: (b) Acetone

Solution:Acetone, with the chemical formula (CH₃)₂CO, is an organic solvent and is a common solvent for nail polish. Acetone is a flammable, colorless, and volatile liquid.

42. Which of the following is added to commercial nitric acid for coloring? [S.S.C. Online C.P.O.S.I. (T-I) 2.07.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Carbon dioxide
(b) Sulfur dioxide
(c) Colored adulteration
(d) Nitrogen dioxide

Correct Answer: (d) Nitrogen dioxide

Solution:Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is added to color commercial nitric acid. The characteristic of nitrogen dioxide is that below 21.2 °C, it turns into a yellowish-brown liquid, and above 21.2 °C, it turns into a reddish-brown gas with a pungent odor.

43. Which of the following statements are CORRECT? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 15.03.2018 (Shift-II)]

I. Esters are sweet-smelling substances.
II. Esters are used in making perfumes.
III. Functional group of ester is ‘R-CO-R’.

(a) Only I and II
(b) Only I and III
(c) Only II and III
(d) All I, II and III

Correct Answer: (a) Only I and II

Solution:Esters are chemical compounds that are formed by the substitution of at least one -OH group of a carboxylic acid with an -O- alkyl group. The esters have a sweet, fruit-like odor. Due to their distinctive smell, they are also used in making perfumes.

44. What is the formula of acetonitrile? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 3.03.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) CH₃CHCN
(b) C₂N₂
(c) CH₃CON
(d) CH₃CN

Correct Answer: (d) CH₃CN

Solution:The chemical formula of acetonitrile is C₂H₃N, or CH₃CN. It is a colorless liquid and the simplest organic nitrile.

45. The chemical formula of aluminium nitride is— [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 31.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) AN
(b) AlN
(c) AlNi
(d) ANI

Correct Answer: (b) AlN

Solution:Aluminium nitride (AlN) is a covalent compound of nitrogen and aluminium, which does not occur naturally. It is made from the synthesis of aluminium and nitrogen. It is a material with high thermal conductivity and low electrical resistivity. It also has high hardness. Due to its above properties, this material has been considered very useful for future optics, electronics, and lighting.

46. Which of the following is a sweet-smelling substance? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 8.08.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) Ethanol
(b) Ammonia
(c) Methanol
(d) Esters

Correct Answer: (d) Esters

Solution:Esters are sweet-smelling substances. Generally, esters are formed by reacting with carboxylic acid and alcohol. Perfume is also made using esters.

47. The explosive of trinitrotoluene (TNT) is done by a mixture of which of the following? [C.P.O. S.I. 5.06.2016 (Shift-II)]

(a) Ammonium chloride
(b) Ammonium nitrite
(c) Ammonium sulfate
(d) Ammonium nitrate

Correct Answer: (d) Ammonium nitrate

Solution:The highly explosive substance prepared by mixing TNT and ammonium nitrate is called amatol.

48. Which of the following is used for making gunpo [S.S.C. Online C.P.O.S.I. (T-I) 2.07.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Methyl alcohol
(b) Iron oxide
(c) Nitro glycerol
(d) Copper sulfate

Correct Answer: (c) Nitro glycerol

Solution:Nitro glycerol is used to make gunpowder. Nitroglycerin is a colorless, heavy, oily, explosive substance. It is also called trinitroglycerin (TNG) or glycerol tri-nitrate or Nobel’s oil. It is used to make explosives such as dynamite.

49. Nitrification is the biological process of converting: [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 2.09.2016 (Shift-I)]

(a) N₂ into nitrate
(b) N₂ into nitrite
(c) Ammonia into nitrite
(d) Ammonia into N₂

Correct Answer: (c) Ammonia into nitrite

Solution:Nitrification is the process in which ammonia (NH₃) oxidation takes place in the form of nitrite, i.e., NO₂. These nitrites are later converted into nitrate.

50. What is the name of the substance that irritates the lacrimal glands? [C.P.O. S.I. 6.06.2016 (Shift-I)]

(a) Tear gas
(b) Laughing gas
(c) Anesthetic gas
(d) Noble gas

Correct Answer: (a) Tear gas

Solution:In the above options, the name of the substance that causes irritation in the lacrimal glands is Tear Gas. Upwards from the outer angle of each eye is a lacrimal gland. From this 6 to 12 fine lacrimal ducts open at the edge of the upper eyelid. The water-like liquid secreted from them is called a teardrop.