Miscellaneous And Useful Chemical Compounds (Part-V)

31. What is diluted acetic acid commonly known as? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 19.02.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) Oleum
(b) Alum
(c) Blue vitriol
(d) Vinegar

Correct Answer: (d) Vinegar

Solution:Dilute acetic acid is commonly known as vinegar. It is used in this form as a preservative for edible items like pickles etc. The chemical formula of acetic acid is

CH_3COOH

32. Which of the following chemical compounds is used as a preservative in pickle? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 14.08.2019 (Shift-III)]

(a) Calcium Carbonate
(b) Sodium Nitrate
(c) Calcium Metabisulphate
(d) Sodium Benzoate

Correct Answer: (d) Sodium Benzoate

Solution:Sodium benzoate (

C_6H_5COONa

) is widely used as a preservative for foods. Pickles, tomato sauces, and fruit jams are preserved with the help of sodium benzoate to make them useful or edible for a longer period.

33. Which among the following is false about acids? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 16.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) They give H⁺ ions in aqueous solution
(b) Most acids contain hydrogen
(c) They turn blue litmus red
(d) They are bad conductors of electricity in aqueous solution

Correct Answer: (d) They are bad conductors of electricity in aqueous solution

Solution:Acids remain in the ionized state in aqueous solutions, because hydrogen is the major component of most acids, and in forming aqueous solutions of acids, hydrogen comes in the form of H⁺ ions and vice versa. Negative ions (-Ve) with a similar charge are also present in the acid of aqueous solutions. Therefore, aqueous solutions of acids are good conductors of electricity.

34. Which of the following acids is used in the purification of gold and silver? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 18.08.2021 (Shift-III)]

(a) Nitric acid
(b) Acetic acid
(c) Formic acid
(d) Maleic acid

Correct Answer: (a) Nitric acid

Solution:For the purification of gold and silver, nitric acid is used, as nitric acid (HNO₃) does not react with these metals.

35. Ozone is an allotrope of______. [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-1) 12.04.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) carbon dioxide
(b) oxygen
(c) hydrogen
(d) nitrogen

Correct Answer: (b) oxygen

Solution:Ozone (O

_3

) is an allotrope of Oxygen that consists of three oxygen atoms, whereas the oxygen molecule that we breathe (O

_2

) has only two oxygen atoms.

36. Who invented the nuclear reactor? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-1) 20.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Enrico Fermi
(b) Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick
(c) Sandford Fleming
(d) Benoit Fourneyron

Correct Answer: (a) Enrico Fermi

Solution:A nuclear reactor is a device inside which nuclear chain reactions are initiated and continued under control. The first serial nuclear furnace, Chicago Pile-1, was built in the year 1942 by a scientist named Enrico Fermi and his colleagues at the University of Chicago.

37. Dynamite was invented by [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-1) 15.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Jean-Antoine Nollet
(b) Alfred Nobel
(c) Joseph Nicephore Niepce
(d) Ted Nelson

Correct Answer: (b) Alfred Nobel

Solution:Dynamite is a major explosive, invented by Alfred Nobel. Nobel Prizes are also awarded in their name.

38. Who among the following is credited with the invention of dynamite? [S.S.C. JE Electrical Exam 28.10.2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) Archimedes
(b) Lord Kelvin
(c) Alfred Nobel
(d) Albert Einstein

Correct Answer: (c) Alfred Nobel

Solution:Dynamite is a major explosive, invented by Alfred Nobel. Nobel Prizes are also awarded in their name.

39. Who invented the water turbine? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-1) 24.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Enrico Fermi
(b) Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick
(c) Sandford Fleming
(d) Benoit Fourneyron

Correct Answer: (d) Benoit Fourneyron

Solution:The water cycle or hydrosphere are rotational engines that convert the kinetic energy contained in the flowing water into mechanical energy. It was discovered in 1820 by Jean-Victor Poncelet (inward-flow turbine) and in 1826 by Benoit Fourneyron (outward flow turbine). The turbine developed by Benoit Fourneyron was 80% more accessible. Hence, option (d) will be the required answer.

40. Soda water was invented by [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-1) 11.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Tivadar Puskas
(b) Joseph Priestley
(c) Petrache Poenaru
(d) James Leonard Plimpton

Correct Answer: (b) Joseph Priestley

Solution:Soda water was discovered by Joseph Priestley in 1767. He made it by mixing water with carbon dioxide.