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Moderates and Extremists in Congress

📆 October 17, 2024

Total Questions: 39

11. Who among the following was considered by Lala Lajpat Rai as his political guru? [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2013]

Correct Answer: (d) Mazzini
Solution:Lala Lajpat Rai accepted Italian revolutionary Mazzini as his political guru after reading his biography, and later he translated a splendid creation of Mazzini - "The Duty of Man" in his own style.

12. He wrote biographies of Mazzini, Garibaldi, Shivaji and Shrikrishna; stayed in America for some time; and was also elected to the Central Assembly. He was: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2018]

Correct Answer: (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
Solution:Indian freedom fighter Lala Lajpat Rai, popularly known as 'Punjab Kesari', lived in America for some time during a six-month exile in the year 1907 and returned during the First World War. Along with being a politician, he was also a prolific writer. He also wrote brief biographies of Lord Krishna, Shivaji, Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Mazzini, and Garibaldi. 'Unhappy India' and 'The Story of My Deportation' are his other important works.

13. Who called the Congress Conference as the "Annual National Festival of Educated Indians"? [M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

Correct Answer: (a) Lala Lajpat Rai
Solution:Lala Lajpat Rai has called Congress Conferences as the "Annual National Festival of Educated Indians." Lala Lajpat Rai, also known as Punjab Kesari (Lion of Punjab), was a prominent nationalist leader, freedom fighter, and social reformer. Rai played a crucial role in India's independence movement, particularly through his leadership in the extremist wing of the Indian National Congress (INC) alongside Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal, forming the famous Lal-Bal-Pal trio. A staunch advocate of Swaraj, Rai also led protests against the Simon Commission in 1928, where he sustained fatal injuries. In addition to his political career, he was a social reformer who championed education and fought against caste discrimination. His writings and journalistic endeavours further galvanized public opinion against British rule.

14. Who of the following was not a moderate: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1995]

Correct Answer: (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Solution:Neo-Nationalist group of Lal, Bal, Pal was disillusioned by initial moderate policies of Congress. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a pioneer of this neo ideology. He was extremist, not moderate.

15. Who among the following leaders was a supporter of 'Swadeshi'? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2009]

Correct Answer: (a) Aurobindo Ghosh
Solution:Aurobindo Ghosh was the main leader of Swadeshi Movement (started in 1905) which started against the Bengali partition. Other main leaders of this movement were Lala Lajpat Rai (Punjab), Bal Gangadhar Tilak (Maharashtra) and Bipin Chandra Pal (Bengal).

16. Who among the following is known as the father of 'Indian Unrest'? [U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]

Correct Answer: (c) Lokmanya Tilak
Solution:Bal Gangadhar Tilak believed in service and sacrifice. He dared to challenge the British Empire. It was the results of his efforts that the Indian National Congress became the party to criticize the British policies instead of praising British rule. Valentine Chirol termed B.G. Tilak as the father of Indian unrest. Tilak went to England to file a defamation suit against Chirol but got defeated.

17. Who called Bal Gangadhar Tilak the 'Father of Indian Unrest'? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) Valentine Chirol
Solution:British government made Bal Gangadhar Tilak accused in the Rand (Plague Commissioner of Pune) and Ayrest murder case. Tilak was convicted and sentenced to 18 months of rigorous imprisonment. He already became a national hero when he came out of jail. Hence, many incidents were responsible for Tilak becoming 'Lokmanya' Tilak.

18. Who said, "Tilak is the Father of Indian Unrest"? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (a) V. Chirol
Solution:British government made Bal Gangadhar Tilak accused in the Rand (Plague Commissioner of Pune) and Ayrest murder case. Tilak was convicted and sentenced to 18 months of rigorous imprisonment. He already became a national hero when he came out of jail. Hence, many incidents were responsible for Tilak becoming 'Lokmanya' Tilak.

19. Who among the following has been called the 'Father of Indian Unrest'? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]

Correct Answer: (a) B.G. Tilak
Solution:British government made Bal Gangadhar Tilak accused in the Rand (Plague Commissioner of Pune) and Ayrest murder case. Tilak was convicted and sentenced to 18 months of rigorous imprisonment. He already became a national hero when he came out of jail. Hence, many incidents were responsible for Tilak becoming 'Lokmanya' Tilak.

20. After the sentence of B.G. Tilak, who among the following had pleaded for mercy and said: "My interest in Tilak is that of a Sanskrit scholar"? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]

Correct Answer: (b) Max Muller
Solution:Bal Gangadhar Tilak, who was a staunch supporter of Swadeshi and belonged to the extremist camp to oppose British rule, founded the English weekly 'The Mahratta' and the Marathi weekly 'Kesari'. Both papers were extreme nationalists and brought Tilak within reach of criminal law. Tilak’s utterances and writings were regarded as treasonous content and so he was sentenced. Max Muller pleaded for Government mercy for Tilak, saying, "As a great scholar of Sanskrit, I am interested in Tilak."
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