Modern History: Miscellaneous (Part-I)

Total Questions: 50

1. Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2004]

List-I (Period)	List-II
A. AD 1767-69	1. First Anglo-Maratha War
B. AD 1790-92	2. Third Mysore War
C. AD 1824-26	3. First Anglo-Burmese War
D. AD 1845-46	4. Second Sikh War

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (d) 3 and 4

Solution:The First Anglo-Burmese War (1824-26) – The first of three wars fought between the British and Burmese Empires in the 19th century. The war, which began primarily over the control of northeastern India, ended in a decisive British victory, giving the total British control of Assam, Manipur, Cachar, and Jaintia as well as Arakan Province and Tenasserim. The Burmese were also forced to pay an indemnity of one million pounds and sign a commercial treaty "Treaty of Yandabo."

Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848-49) – The Second Anglo-Sikh War took place in 1848 and 1849 between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company.

2. Consider the following events and arrange them in chronological order: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2022]

I. Battle of Mudki
II. Battle of Porto Novo
III. Battle of Shakarkheda
IV. Battle of Bedara

Select the correct answer from the code given below:

(a) III, IV, II, I
(b) I, II, III, IV
(c) II , III, IV, I
(d) IV ,III, II, I

Correct Answer: (a) III, IV, II, I

Solution:The time period of events in the asked question is:

Battle of Shakarkheda - 1724 A.D.
Battle of Bedara - 1759 A.D.
Battle of Porto Novo - 1781 A.D.
Battle of Mudki - 1845 A.D.

3. Which of the following events was the last in chronological order? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

(a) Moplah Revolt
(b) Khilafat Movement
(c) Home Rule Movement
(d) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre

Correct Answer: (a) Moplah Revolt

Solution:Moplah Revolt (1921) – Was the culmination of a series of riots by Mappila Muslims of Kerala in the 19th and early 20th centuries against the British and the Hindu landlords in Malabar.

Khilafat Movement (1919-24) – The Khilafat Movement, (1919-24), was a movement of Indian Muslims, led by Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali and supported by Mahatma Gandhi.

Home Rule Movement (1916) – Was started in April 1916 and September 1916, respectively, by Indian nationalist Bal Gangadhar Tilak and British social reformer Annie Besant.

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (April 13, 1919) – Incident occurred on April 13, 1919, in which British troops fired on a large crowd of unarmed Indians in an open space known as the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar in the Punjab region (now in Punjab state) of India, killing thousands and wounding many thousands more. Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

4. Which one of the following statements regarding Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is correct? [69th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2023]

(a) She reigned for 70 years and died at the age of 96 years.
(b) She reigned for 68 years and died at the age of 94 years.
(c) She reigned for 72 years and died at the age of 92 years.
(d) She reigned for 66 years and died at the age of 90 years.

Correct Answer: (a) She reigned for 70 years and died at the age of 96 years.

Solution:Elizabeth II was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms. She reigned for 70 years (1952-2022) and died at the age of 96 years (1926-2022).

5. Arrange the following in their chronological order and select the correct answer with the help of code given below: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]

Consider the following events and arrange them in chronological order:A. Dramatic performances
B. Vernacular Press Act
C. North-Western Provinces and Oudh Act
D. Bengal Tenancy Act

(a) A B D C
(b) D B A C
(c) A B C D
(d) B C D A

Correct Answer: (a) A B D C

Solution:The chronological order of the given Acts is:

The Dramatic Performance Act, 1876
Vernacular Press Act, enacted in 1878
North-Western Provinces and Oudh Act, 1890
Bengal Tenancy Act, 1885

6. Match the correctly: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]

List-I	List-II
A. Child marriage	1 Ishwarchand Vidyasagar
B. Suppression of Thuggee	2. Colonel Sleimen
C. Widows' Remarriage	3. M.G. Ranade
D. Suppression of Pindaris	4. Lord Hastings

Code:

	A	B	C	D
(a)	3	2	1	4
(b)	4	2	1	3
(c)	1	4	3	2
(d)	2	3	1	4

Correct Answer: (a)

Solution:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar is considered as one of the pillars of the Bengal Renaissance. In other words, he managed to continue the reforms movement that was started by Raja Rammohan Roy. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar initiated the concept of Widow Remarriage and also opened the doors of the colleges and other educational institutions to lower caste students, which were earlier reserved only for the Brahmins. For his immense generosity and kind-heartedness, people started addressing him as "Daya Sagar" (ocean of kindness).

Major-General Sir William Henry Sleeman was a British soldier and administrator in British India, best known for his work on the suppression of Thuggee. Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade was a judge, politician, and social reformer. Politically, Ranade established the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha and was among those who played a phenomenal role in setting up the Indian National Congress party. He was also an active reformer. He set up the Social Conference Movement, which worked against child marriage, and strongly advocated for Widow Remarriage and female education.

Lord Hastings became Governor-General in 1813. Lord Hastings finally decided to suppress the Pindaris. Hastings planned vigorous military preparations with a view to surrounding the Pindaris from all sides—north and east from Bengal, west from Gujarat, and south from the Deccan. An army of 113,000 men and 300 cannons was divided into two parts. By the end of 1817, the British troops were successful in expelling the Pindaris from Malwa. In January 1818, the Pindaris were practically exterminated.

7. Examine the following statements: [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]

Kunwar Singh led the struggle in Bihar against the British while Khan Bahadur Khan led in Rohilkhand in the First Independence Struggle, 1857.
Muslim League observed Deliverance Day on 22 December, 1939.
Tatya Tope took the lead of armies in Kanpur under the patronage of Nana Saheb, and Zeenat Mahal assumed leadership in Faizabad.
Ghadar Party was founded by Sardar Bhagat Singh.

Select the correct answer by using codes given below:

Correct Answer: (e) 1 and 2

Solution:The Ghadar Party, initially the Pacific Coast Hindustan Association, was formed in 1913 in the United States under the leadership of Har Dayal. He also published a paper titled "Ghadar," whose first issue was published on November 1st, 1913. In 1914, he went to Switzerland where he published another anti-British newspaper "Vande Mataram." In Faizabad, Maulavi Ahmed Ullah was the leader, not Zeenat Mahal. Zeenat Mahal was the queen of Bahadur Shah Zafar. The remaining statements 1, 2 are correct.

8. "The British Government is not responsible for the partition of India." [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]

(a) Abul Kalam Azad
(b) Lord Attlee
(c) Lord Mountbatten
(d) Mahatma Gandhi

Correct Answer: (b) Lord Attlee

Solution:On February 20, 1947, Attlee made the statement: "It is the definite intention of the British Government to effect the transfer of power to responsible Indians by a date not later than June 3, 1948. If the League does not join the Constituent Assembly, the British Government will have to consider to whom the powers of Central Government of British Indian should be handed over on the due date." He also stated that "The British Government is not responsible for the partition."

9. Who said, "Political Freedom is the life-breath of a nation"? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]

(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Aurobindo Ghosh
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal
(d) Mahatma Gandhi

Correct Answer: (b) Aurobindo Ghosh

Solution:Aurobindo's political career lasted nearly ten years, from 1901 to 1910. Though he had been active behind the scenes organizing and supporting the Nationalist cause, ever since his return to India, especially during his excursions to Bengal. He based his claim for the freedom of India on the inherent right to freedom, not on any charge of misgovernment or oppression. He wrote: "Political freedom is the life-breath of a nation."

10. Who had proposed "Party Less Democracy" in India? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]

(a) S. A. Dange
(b) Ram Manohar Lohia
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Jay Prakash Narayan

Correct Answer: (d) Jay Prakash Narayan

Solution:Jay Prakash Narayan proposed "Party Less Democracy" in India. Jayaprakash Narayan was an Indian independence activist. He is popularly referred to as Lok Nayak. The "Party Less Democracy" in India was proposed by Jay Prakash Narayan. He was honored with the Magsaysay award for public service in 1965.He was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1999. He was the co-founder of the Congress Socialist Party. The slogan "total revolution" was first raised by Jayaprakash Narayan. The famous Sarvodaya plan was given by Jayaprakash Narayan. The Natal Indian Congress was founded by Mahatma Gandhi to fight discrimination against Indians in South Africa in 1894.S A Dange was a founding member of the Communist Party of India. Ram Manohar Lohia was the co-founder of the Congress Socialist Party along with Jai Prakash Narayan and Acharya Narendra Deva.

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