Modern History: Miscellaneous (Part-I)

"Jai Jawan Jai Kisan" (English: Hail the Soldier, Hail the Farmer) was a slogan given to India by the then Prime Minister of India, Lal Bahadur Shastri, in 1965, at a public gathering at Ramlila Maidan, New Delhi.

The most prevalent calendar in the present day is the Gregorian Calendar. It is used worldwide.

Both Gandhi and Tilak toured extensively in India for the cause of social development. Tilak was the first national leader who tried to establish a close relationship with the public. Hence, he was a precursor to Gandhi.

Initially, Lala Lajpat Rai was not in favour of the non-cooperation movement because he was not satisfied with the policies of Prayer, Persuasion, and humility of the Congress. But later, in September 1920, the Congress held a special session in Calcutta under the leadership of Lala Lajpat Rai, and a resolution was passed to run the Non-cooperation Movement. Hence, statement 1 is true. The Non-cooperation Movement was called off by Gandhiji on February 4, 1922, after the Chauri Chaura incident. Angered by the incident, C.R. Das and Pandit Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party in January 1923. Lala Lajpat Rai also joined this party, but in June 1925, after the death of C.R. Das, Lala Lajpat Rai and Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya left the party. Hence, both statements are true.

G.V. Mavlankar, who became the President of Central Legislative Assembly in 1946, was the first speaker who discarded the wig hitherto regarded as mandatory for formal occasions and presided over the House, wearing a Gandhi cap. When asked by the Britishers in this context, he said: "Your wig is not suitable for this warm climate." He also became the first Speaker of Lok Sabha.

The first lady Prime Minister in the world was Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka. She became PM of Sri Lanka in July 1960.

10 Downing Street is the official residence of the British Prime Minister. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is also known as "The First Lord of the Treasury." It is located in the city of Westminster.

In 1951, J.B. Kripalani formed the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party. P.C. Ghosh and T. Prakasam were associated with the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party. In 1952, the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party merged with the Socialist Party and formed the Praja Socialist Party, with J.B. Kripalani as the chairman and Asoka Mehta as the general secretary.

Bhimrao Ambedkar was born to Bhimabai Sakpal and Ramji Sakpal on April 14, 1891, in Mhow (now Dr. Ambedkar Nagar), Madhya Pradesh. On December 6, 1956, he died at his home in New Delhi. He was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor, in 1990.

Bhartiya Kisan Sangh was established in 1987 by Mahendra Singh Tikait.