Modern History: Miscellaneous (Part-VI)

Total Questions: 44

31. Consider the following statements: [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1992]

Statement (S): Indian National Congress had collaborated/assisted British in II World War.
Reason (R): Because they were expecting to complete independence.

Correct Answer: (b) Both (S) and (R) are false.
Solution:During the Second World War, the proposal approved by Indian National Congress criticized Nazism, Fascism, and the Nazi invasion of Poland.

It was declared under the proposal that India could not take part in any such war which is being fought to protect democratic liberty while India itself was deprived of liberty. Therefore, both the statement and the reason are incorrect.

32. What was the policy of Indian National Congress during II World War? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1953]

Correct Answer: (a) Cooperation of Britain in the case of assurance of Complete Independence.
Solution:When World War II broke out in 1939, Britain made India belligerent without consulting Indian elected councils and also declared the Emergency.

That action angered Indian officials and prompted the Congress Party to declare that India would not support the War until it had been granted Complete Independence.

33. The Congress Ministries in all the provinces resigned in the year 1939, because: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2012]

Correct Answer: (d) None of the above is true from the given statement (a), (b), (c).
Solution:After 28 months of tenure, the cabinets of Congress resigned in 1939 because the British Government had declared India as a war-torn country without the consent of Indians. Thus, option (d) is true.

34. When did the II-World War end? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1995]

Correct Answer: (d) 1945
Solution:The Second World War commenced on September 1, 1939, with the invasion of Germany over Poland, which ended after six years in 1945.

35. Who was the British Prime Minister of Britain during the Second World War? [38th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1992]

Correct Answer: (c) Winston Churchill
Solution:Winston Churchill was the Prime Minister of Britain during the Second World War. His tenure was from 1940-45 and 1951-55.

36. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]

Assertion (A): The Congress Ministries in all the provinces resigned in the year 1939.
Reason (R): The Congress did not accept the decision of the Viceroy to declare war against Germany in the context of the Second World War.

Correct Answer: (a) (A) and (R) are individually true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Solution:On October 17, 1939 Lord Linlithgow declared India in the war against Germany. Congress cabinets had resigned from all the provinces for declaring war without the consent of the Congress Minister. Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

37. Who was the third Satyagrahi of Individual Satyagraha launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1940? [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re-Exam)2022]

Correct Answer: (d) Brahma Dutt
Solution:Although Gandhi, in principle, was opposed to Indian participation in the world war, he waited for a more acceptable offer from the British. However, the August Offer made Gandhi and Congress members frustrated.

Against this backdrop, he made the decision to organise a small-scale Individual Satyagraha in each locality, led by a few carefully chosen individuals. On October 17, 1940, Vinobha Bhave began the Satyagraha movement near his Paunar ashram in Maharashtra.

Jawaharlal Nehru followed him soon. Brahma Dutt was the third satyagrahi. Gandhi called a halt to the Satyagraha in December 1941. In January 1941, it was revived with some changes, and groups offered satyagrahas, and it was eventually withdrawn in August 1941.

It was started mainly to protest peacefully against the war, express people's feelings and give another opportunity to the government to accept Congress' demands peacefully.

38. Who was the first Satyagrahi of the Individual Satyagraha Movement? [65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]

Correct Answer: (c) Vinoba Bhave
Solution:Although Gandhi, in principle, was opposed to Indian participation in the world war, he waited for a more acceptable offer from the British. However, the August Offer made Gandhi and Congress members frustrated.

Against this backdrop, he made the decision to organise a small-scale Individual Satyagraha in each locality, led by a few carefully chosen individuals. On October 17, 1940, Vinobha Bhave began the Satyagraha movement near his Paunar ashram in Maharashtra.

Jawaharlal Nehru followed him soon. Brahma Dutt was the third satyagrahi. Gandhi called a halt to the Satyagraha in December 1941. In January 1941, it was revived with some changes, and groups offered satyagrahas, and it was eventually withdrawn in August 1941.

It was started mainly to protest peacefully against the war, express people's feelings and give another opportunity to the government to accept Congress' demands peacefully.

39. Who started the Individual Civil Disobedience? [44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000 U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

Correct Answer: (a) Vinoba Bhave
Solution:Although Gandhi, in principle, was opposed to Indian participation in the world war, he waited for a more acceptable offer from the British. However, the August Offer made Gandhi and Congress members frustrated.

Against this backdrop, he made the decision to organise a small-scale Individual Satyagraha in each locality, led by a few carefully chosen individuals. On October 17, 1940, Vinobha Bhave began the Satyagraha movement near his Paunar ashram in Maharashtra.

Jawaharlal Nehru followed him soon. Brahma Dutt was the third satyagrahi. Gandhi called a halt to the Satyagraha in December 1941. In January 1941, it was revived with some changes, and groups offered satyagrahas, and it was eventually withdrawn in August 1941.

It was started mainly to protest peacefully against the war, express people's feelings and give another opportunity to the government to accept Congress' demands peacefully.

40. In the ‘Individual Satyagraha,’ Vinoba Bhave was chosen as the first Satyagrahi. Who was the second? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2009]

Correct Answer: (b) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
Solution:Although Gandhi, in principle, was opposed to Indian participation in the world war, he waited for a more acceptable offer from the British. However, the August Offer made Gandhi and Congress members frustrated.

Against this backdrop, he made the decision to organise a small-scale Individual Satyagraha in each locality, led by a few carefully chosen individuals. On October 17, 1940, Vinobha Bhave began the Satyagraha movement near his Paunar ashram in Maharashtra.

Jawaharlal Nehru followed him soon. Brahma Dutt was the third satyagrahi. Gandhi called a halt to the Satyagraha in December 1941. In January 1941, it was revived with some changes, and groups offered satyagrahas, and it was eventually withdrawn in August 1941.

It was started mainly to protest peacefully against the war, express people's feelings and give another opportunity to the government to accept Congress' demands peacefully.