MORPHOLOGICAL AND INTERNAL STRUCTURE

1. The Beetroot is the ______ portion of the beet plant. [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-1) 19.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Tap root
(b) Adventitious
(c) Bulb of the stem
(d) Rhizome

Correct Answer: (a) Tap root

Solution:Tap root:
A single, large, central root that grows downwards, from which smaller lateral roots branch off. The beetroot is an example of a swollen taproot modified for food storage.

2. Match the following: [S.S.C. Online C.P.O SI (T-1) 7.07.2017 (Shift-I)]

Modified Stem	Example
1. Rhizome	A. Onion
2. Bulb	B. Banana
3. Tuber	C. Potato

(a) B A C
(b) A C B
(c) C A B
(d) A B C

Correct Answer: (a) B A C

Solution:The correct match is:

Modified Stem	Example
1. Rhizome	Banana
2. Bulb	Onion
3. Tuber	Potato

3. Small roots coming out from the main root are called: [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-i) 21.09.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Tap root
(b) Lateral root
(c) fibrous root
(d) Curved root

Correct Answer: (b) Lateral root

Solution:Lateral root:
These are secondary roots that branch off from the primary or main root. They help in increasing the surface area for water and nutrient absorption.

4. What is a Pepper plant? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 10.15.2016 (Shift-I)]

(a) Bush
(b) Shrub
(c) Vine
(d) Tree

Correct Answer: (c) Vine

Solution:Vine:
A plant with a stem that is not strong enough to support itself, so it climbs or trails along a surface or another plant. Many pepper varieties exhibit a vining or climbing habit.

5. In which type of plant is the stem weak, and they climb up with the help of surrounding structures? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-1) 16.09.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Shrubs
(b) Climbers
(c) Trees
(d) Herbs

Correct Answer: (b) Climbers

Solution:Climbers:
Plants that have weak stems and rely on external support (like other plants, walls, or trellises) to grow upwards, often using tendrils, hooks, or twining stems.

6. Sugarcane is a type of: [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 28.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Creeper
(b) Tree
(c) Shrub
(d) Grass

Correct Answer: (d) Grass

Solution:Grass:
Plants belonging to the family Poaceae (also known as Gramineae). They typically have hollow stems, narrow leaves, and inconspicuous flowers. Sugarcane fits this botanical classification.

7. Which type of plants are generally small and often do not have many branches? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 20.09.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Trees
(b) Shrubs
(c) shark
(d) None of these

Correct Answer: (c) shark

Solution:Herbs, shrubs, and trees are the three main types of plants. Herbs have small, unbranched stems. Shrubs are medium-sized, branched plants, while trees are large, branched plants.

8. Which type of plants are very tall and their stems are strong and dark brown? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-1) 16.09.2017 (Shift-III) S.S.C. Online MTS (T-1) 20.09.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) trees
(b) herbs
(c) shrubs
(d) none of these

Correct Answer: (a) trees

Solution:Trees:
Large, perennial woody plants with a single, main stem or trunk that typically branches out into smaller stems and leaves at some distance above the ground. Their stems are strong and often have bark that is dark brown.

9. _______ is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-1) 22.01.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Physiology
(b) Anatomy
(c) Phytomorphology
(d) Cytology

Correct Answer: (c) Phytomorphology

Solution:Phytomorphology:
The branch of botany concerned with the study of the external form, structure, and arrangement of plants.

10. Potato is a _____ . [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-1) 31.08.2016 (Shift-II)]

(a) Root
(b) Stem
(c) Bud
(d) Fruit

Correct Answer: (b) Stem

Solution:Stem:
The main body or stalk of a plant, typically rising above ground but in the case of potatoes, it's a modified underground stem (tuber) that stores food.