Nervous System

Total Questions: 39

11. Which of the following are the longest cells in the human body? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 11.08.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Pancreas cell
(b) Epithelial cell
(c) Nerve cell
(d) Epidermal cell

Correct Answer: (c) Nerve cell

Solution:Nerve cells (neurons) can be extremely long, especially those that transmit signals from the brain and spinal cord to distant parts of the body, such as those that extend down the leg. Their length allows for rapid communication over long distances.

Pancreas cell: These are glandular cells, relatively small.
Epithelial cell: These form linings and coverings, generally flat or cuboidal.
Epidermal cell: These are skin cells, typically flat and compact.

12. Neurons are part of which system of human body? [S.S.C. Online C.P.O.S.I. (T-1) 7.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Circulatory system
(b) Excretory system
(c) Reproductive system
(d) Nervous system

Correct Answer: (d) Nervous system

Solution:Neurons are the fundamental building blocks of the nervous system. They are specialized cells that transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the body.

Circulatory system: Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
Excretory system: Involved in waste removal (e.g., kidneys, bladder).
Reproductive system: Involved in reproduction.

13. Which is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system? [S.S.C. JE Civil Exam 23.03.2021 (Shift-II)]

(a) Cerebrum
(b) Nephron
(c) Cerebellum
(d) Neuron

Correct Answer: (d) Neuron

Solution:The neuron is the fundamental unit of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.

Cerebrum: A major part of the brain, composed of many neurons.
Nephron: The basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.
Cerebellum: Another major part of the brain, composed of many neurons.

14. The brain is a part of the _____ system. [S.S.C Online Constable GD 12.02.2019 (Shift-III)]

(a) Nervous
(b) Digestive
(c) Circulatory
(d) Endocrine

Correct Answer: (a) Nervous

Solution:The brain is the central organ of the nervous system, responsible for controlling and coordinating most body activities.

15. Which lobe of human brain is associated with hearing? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-1) 29.08.2016 (Shift-III)]

(a) Frontal lobe
(b) Parietal lobe
(c) Temporal lobe
(d) Occipital lobe

Correct Answer: (c) Temporal lobe

Solution:The temporal lobe is located beneath the parietal and frontal lobes, behind the temples. It is primarily responsible for processing auditory information (hearing), as well as memory, emotion, and some aspects of language.

Frontal lobe: Involved in planning, decision-making, personality, and voluntary movement.
Parietal lobe: Processes sensory information (touch, temperature, pain), spatial awareness.
Occipital lobe: Primarily responsible for processing visual information.

16. Which of the following is NOT a part of the brain? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-1) 3.03.2020 (Shift-III)]

(a) Pons
(b) Thalamus
(c) Pinna
(d) Medulla

Correct Answer: (c) Pinna

Solution:The pinna is the only visible part of the ear (the auricle) with its special helical shape. It is the first part of the outer ear’s anatomy that reacts to sound. The pinna’s function is to act as a kind of funnel which assists in directing the sound further into the ear.

17. Motor skills are associated with which part of the brain? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-1) 27.08.2016 (Shift-III)]

(a) Frontal lobe
(b) Parietal Lobe
(c) Temporal Lobe
(d) Occipital Lobe

Correct Answer: (a) Frontal lobe

Solution:The frontal lobe, specifically the primary motor cortex located in this lobe, is primarily responsible for planning, initiating, and executing voluntary movements (motor skills). The cerebellum also plays a crucial role in coordinating and refining these movements.

Parietal Lobe: Sensory processing.
Temporal Lobe: Hearing, memory.
Occipital Lobe: Vision.

18. From which of the following sources does the brain get energy? [S.S.C. Online C.H.S.L. (T-1) 9.08.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Nucleic acids
(b) Fatty acids
(c) Glucose
(d) Amino acids

Correct Answer: (c) Glucose

Solution:The brain is highly dependent on glucose as its primary energy source. It consumes a significant portion of the body's total glucose, even at rest. While the brain can use ketone bodies during periods of starvation, glucose is its preferred and most efficient fuel.

19. Decoding and interpretation of visual information in the brain is associated with: [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-1) 6.09.2016 (Shift-I)]

(a) Frontal lobe
(b) Occipital lobe
(c) Temporal lobe
(d) Parietal lobe

Correct Answer: (b) Occipital lobe

Solution:The decoding and interpretation of visual information in the brain is related to the temporal lobe and the parietal lobe. The temporal bodies are the memory centers of auditory knowledge, speech, hearing, and visual sensations. The parietal bodies interpret these sensations by being stimulated by the sensations received from the skin and muscles of the whole body and generate the stimuli of the appropriate response.

20. Which one of the following parts of the human brain is the regulating center for swallowing and vomiting? [C.P.O. S.I. 7.06.2016 (Shift-I)]

(a) Cerebellar
(b) Brain
(c) Medulla oblongata
(d) Pons

Correct Answer: (c) Medulla oblongata

Solution:The medulla oblongata (often just called medulla), which is part of the brainstem, controls several vital involuntary functions, including breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and reflexes like swallowing, vomiting, coughing, and sneezing.

Cerebellar: Refers to the cerebellum, involved in motor coordination.
Brain: Too general; the question asks for a specific part.
Pons: Part of the brainstem, involved in sleep, respiration, and relaying signals.

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