Non Conventional Energy

Total Questions: 59

21. Which of the following energy sources produces NO atmospheric pollution? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]

(a) Nuclear energy
(b) Solar energy
(c) Petroleum energy
(d) Coal energy

Correct Answer: (b) Solar energy

Solution:The sun radiates an enormous amount of energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. Solar technologies utilise various methods to tap this abundant renewable energy source.

There are two primary ways solar energy is harnessed

Direct conversion into electricity using photovoltaics.
Capturing heat from the sun's rays to generate electricity indirectly.

Usage: Solar technologies are scalable and flexible - they can power an entire city through solar farms, provide electricity in remote areas via decentralized systems, and light up homes and commercial buildings by installing rooftop solar panels.

For example: Cochin International Airport

Significance: The adoption of solar energy provides several benefits, including reducing reliance on depleting fossil fuels, mitigating carbon emissions, improving air quality, and boosting energy access and security, among others.
Due to this, solar power's share in global electricity generation is rising steadily..

22. Which one of the following sources of renewable energy has the greatest potential in India? [U.P.P.C.S (Mains) 2011]

(a) Solar power
(b) Biomass power
(c) Small hydel power
(d) Energy recovery from waste

Correct Answer: (a) Solar power

Solution:The solar power source of renewable energy has the greatest potential in India. The role of new and renewable energy has been assuming increasing significance in recent times with the growing concern for the country's energy security. Solar panels are the most eco-friendly power generation systems. They are also called as the fuel of the future. This is why the Government has set a target of 100 GW Solar power generation by 2022 under Jawahar Lal Nehru National Solar Mission started on 11 January, 2010. It is to be noted that world's largest solar plant at a single location has been established in Kameethi in Ramanathapuram district Tamil Nadu.

23. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2016]

1. The International Solar Alliance was launched at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in 2015.

2. The Alliance includes all the member countries of the United Nations.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (a) 1 only

Solution:The International Solar Alliance is a common platform for co-operation among sun-rich countries lying fully or partially between the Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn who are seeking to massively ramp up solar energy thereby helping to bend the global greenhouse emission curve while providing clean and cheap energy. The initiative was launched at the UN Climate Change Conference in Paris at the end of 2015 by the President of France and the Prime Minister of India. Its secretariat is based in Gurugram, Haryana, India. According to ISA declaration, it's members have set a target of raising USD 1 Trillion for solar energy by 2030. Hence statement 1 is correct. The alliance includes about 116 countries that support a common declaration. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.

24. The term 'Domestic Content Requirement' is sometimes seen in the news with reference to: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]

(a) Developing solar power production in our country.
(b) Granting licences to foreign T.V. channels in our country.
(c) Exporting our food products to other countries.
(d) Permitting foreign educational institutions to set up their campuses in our country.

Correct Answer: (a) Developing solar power production in our country.

Solution:Domestic Content Requirement (DCR means use of both solar photovoltaic (SPV) Cells and modules manufactured domestically as per specifications and testing requirements fixed by MNRE. For the Projects to be implemented under this RfS, both the solar cells and modules used in the Solar Power Projects must be made in India. In case of crystalline Silicon technology, all process steps and quality control measures involved in the manufacture of the Solar Cells and Modules shall be performed at the works of PV manufactures in India.

25. The first summit of 'International Solar Alliance' was held in which of the following cities? [U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]

(a) New Delhi
(b) New York
(c) Paris
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (a) New Delhi

Solution:The first International Solar Alliance (ISA) Summit was held in New Delhi on 11 March, 2018. The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is an intergovernmental organization that was launched in 2015, by the Prime Minister of India and the President of France, at the United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Paris. ISA is an action-oriented, member-driven, collaborative platform for increased deployment of solar energy technologies.

The ISA is guided by its 'Towards 1000' strategy, which aims:
To mobilize USD 1000 billion of investments in solar energy solutions by 2030
To deliver energy access to 1000 million people using clean energy solutions
To install 1000 GW of solar energy capacity.
To mitigate global solar emissions to the tune of 1000 million tonnes of CO2 every year

26. The International Solar Alliance (ISA) has recently signed a pact with which international organization to promote solar energy deployment in Asia and Pacific? [63rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2017]

(a) Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
(b) New Development Bank
(c) African Development Bank
(d) Asian Development Bank
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Correct Answer: (d) Asian Development Bank

Solution:In March 2018, the International Solar Alliance (ISA) has signed a pact with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to promote solar energy deployment in Asia and the Pacific.

ISA was conceived as a joint effort by India and France to mobilize efforts against climate change through the deployment of solar energy solutions.

It was conceptualized on the sidelines of the COP21 to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) held in Paris in 2015.

With the amendment of its Framework Agreement in 2020, all member states of the United Nations are eligible to join the ISA. At present, more than 110 countries are signatories to the ISA Framework Agreement, of which 90 countries have submitted the necessary instruments of ratification to become full members of the ISA.

27. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1996]

At the present level of technology available in India, solar energy can be conveniently used to of these statements:

1. Supply hot water to residential buildings.

2. Supply water for minor irrigation projects.

3. Provide street lighting.

4. Electrify a cluster of villages and small towns.

(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct
(b) 2 and 4 are correct
(c) 1 and 3 are correct
(d) 1, 2 and 3 are correct

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 are correct

Solution:Sun is the greatest and limitless source of energy. Solar energy is a natural resource received through solar radiation. It can be used in street lighting, minor irrigation project, supplying hot water to residential buildings, railway signal and solar cooker etc. Nevertheless, the use of solar energy to electrify small villages and towns is not cost effective with a view of the technology constraints. The government, however, has started a few pilot projects for this.

28. World's First International Airport fully equipped with solar energy is located at? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains), 2017]

(a) Bangalore
(b) Kochi
(c) Ahmadabad
(d) Kozhikode

Correct Answer: (b) Kochi

Solution:India's Cochin International Airport, in the southern state of Kerala, is the first airport in the world to be powered entirely by solar energy.

Cochin International Airport, Kerala is the first international airport in India developed under PPP-Public-Private Partnership Model.

29. Which district has become the India's first district to have 100% solar-powered health centres? [63rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2017]

(a) Kolkata
(b) Chennaiptol
(c) Bengaluru
(d) Surat
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Correct Answer: (d) Surat

Solution:Surat district of the Gujarat, becomes the first district in the country to have 100 percent solar powered Primary Health Centres (PHC). As on 26th March, 2018, all 52 PHCs in the district are powered by a solar system.

Solar energy is captured through three main technologies: photovoltaics (PV), converting light to electricity; concentrating solar power (CSP), utilising the sun's heat for electric turbines; and solar heating and cooling (SHC) systems, gathering thermal energy for hot water, air heating, or conditioning.

30. The First Union Territory of India to run 100 percent on solar energy is: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019, U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]

(a) Andaman-Nicobar
(b) Chandigarh
(c) Diu
(d) Puducherry

Correct Answer: (c) Diu

Solution:Diu is the first Union Territory of India to run 100 percent on solar energy. In the Union Territory, solar plants had been installed over more than 50 acres of land in 2018. Solar technologies use clean energy from the sun rather than polluted fossil fuels. There are two main types: solar thermal, which uses solar energy to heat water, and solar photovoltaic (PV), which uses solar cells to transform sunlight into electricity.

Global solar adoption is increasing as a result of declining costs and expanding access to clean energy (SDG 7). India can achieve its climate commitments in an environmentally sustainable manner, lessen its dependency on imported fuels, and promote social inclusion (SDG 10) by expanding access to solar applications and increasing solar capacity to 450 GW by 2030. Because of its boundless potential, solar energy is a vital ally for sustainable development.

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