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Non-Cooperation Movement

📆 October 21, 2024

Total Questions: 48

1. When did Non-Cooperation movement start on the question of the caliphate? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1992]

Correct Answer: (b) 1920
Solution:A special session of the Congress was held under the leadership of Lala Lajpat Rai in Calcutta in September 1920 to decide upon the issue of Non-Cooperation. Discussions were held on the Government’s failure to protect the innocent people of Punjab and punish the British officers.

2. Which one of the following was not a cause for starting the Non-Cooperation Movement? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]

Correct Answer: (b) Salt Law
Solution:During the years 1920-21, the Indian National Movement entered a new phase of mass politics and mobilisation. Two mass movements, Khilafat and Non-Cooperation, were formed to oppose British rule. The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920 to mobilise the Indian masses to peacefully resist British rule through non-cooperation with British institutions, laws, and policies. Both the Khilafat Movement and Mahatma Gandhi's Non-Cooperation Movement saw a convergence at the end of the summer of 1920. Congress, at its special session of Calcutta in September 1920, approved the Non-Cooperation movement, which was later endorsed by the Nagpur session of Congress in December 1920. The movement saw tremendous participation of masses throughout the country. However, the movement was called off by Gandhi on February 11, 1922, following the Churi Chaura incident in the Gorakhpur distrrict of Uttar Pradesh.

3. Who was the President of the special session of Indian National Congress held in Calcutta in September, 1920 in which the resolution of Non-cooperation Movement was passed? [Raj. P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
Solution:During the years 1920-21, the Indian National Movement entered a new phase of mass politics and mobilisation. Two mass movements, Khilafat and Non-Cooperation, were formed to oppose British rule. The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920 to mobilise the Indian masses to peacefully resist British rule through non-cooperation with British institutions, laws, and policies. Both the Khilafat Movement and Mahatma Gandhi's Non-Cooperation Movement saw a convergence at the end of the summer of 1920. Congress, at its special session of Calcutta in September 1920, approved the Non-Cooperation movement, which was later endorsed by the Nagpur session of Congress in December 1920. The movement saw tremendous participation of masses throughout the country. However, the movement was called off by Gandhi on February 11, 1922, following the Churi Chaura incident in the Gorakhpur distrrict of Uttar Pradesh.

4. Gandhiji launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in— [48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (a) 1920
Solution:The Movement was formally inaugurated on the 1st of August, 1920 by Gandhiji. The Non-Cooperation Movement achieved unprecedented success in Western India, Bengal, and Northern India. Many distinguished persons like Rajendra Prasad, Motilal Nehru, Lala Lajpat Rai, Vallabhbhai Patel, and Rajendra Prasad left their lucrative legal practice and joined the Movement with Gandhiji. At that time, Gandhiji promised Swaraj within one year.

5. When did Gandhiji give the slogan of ‘Swaraj in a year’? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]

Correct Answer: (b) During Non-Cooperation Movement
Solution:The Movement was formally inaugurated on the 1st of August, 1920 by Gandhiji. The Non-Cooperation Movement achieved unprecedented success in Western India, Bengal, and Northern India. Many distinguished persons like Rajendra Prasad, Motilal Nehru, Lala Lajpat Rai, Vallabhbhai Patel, and Rajendra Prasad left their lucrative legal practice and joined the Movement with Gandhiji. At that time, Gandhiji promised Swaraj within one year.

6. With the failure of 1919 reforms to meet the aspirations of the Indians, the Indian National Congress sought 'Swaraj' or 'Self-government' under the leadership of: [U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]

Correct Answer: (a) Mahatma Gandhi
Solution:The Movement was formally inaugurated on the 1st of August, 1920 by Gandhiji. The Non-Cooperation Movement achieved unprecedented success in Western India, Bengal, and Northern India. Many distinguished persons like Rajendra Prasad, Motilal Nehru, Lala Lajpat Rai, Vallabhbhai Patel, and Rajendra Prasad left their lucrative legal practice and joined the Movement with Gandhiji. At that time, Gandhiji promised Swaraj within one year.

7. ‘To attain Swaraj in a year’ was the aim of: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]

Correct Answer: (d) Non-Cooperation Movement
Solution:The Movement was formally inaugurated on the 1st of August, 1920 by Gandhiji. The Non-Cooperation Movement achieved unprecedented success in Western India, Bengal, and Northern India. Many distinguished persons like Rajendra Prasad, Motilal Nehru, Lala Lajpat Rai, Vallabhbhai Patel, and Rajendra Prasad left their lucrative legal practice and joined the Movement with Gandhiji. At that time, Gandhiji promised Swaraj within one year.

8. Which one of the following statements is not correct about the Non-Cooperation Movement? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]

Correct Answer: (d) M.A. Jinnah had supported this Movement
Solution:The Non-cooperation movement was started on August 1, 1920. M.A. Jinnah had not supported this movement. As a follow-up to the Rowlatt Act, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, and the Khilafat Movement, Mahatma Gandhi announced his intention to begin Non-Cooperation with the Government. At a special session in Calcutta in September 1920, Congress approved a Non-Cooperation Movement until the Punjab and Khilafat wrongs were corrected and Swaraj was established. The programme of non-cooperation was accepted and endorsed without opposition in the Nagpur INC Session of December 1920.

9. Which of the following statements are not correct regarding the Non-Cooperation Movement in towns? [68th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2022]

  1. Only the upper caste and the rich took part in the movement.
  2. The council elections were boycotted even by the Justice Party of Madras.
  3. Thousands of students left government-controlled schools, headmasters, and teachers resigned, and lawyers gave up their practice.
Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Solution:During the years 1919-1922, two mass movements emerged in India as a means to oppose British rule: the Khilafat movement and the Non-Cooperation movement. The Non-Cooperation Movement marked the beginning of the Gandhian Movement against British colonialism.
  • The movement saw significant participation from students, who left government-established schools and colleges in large numbers to join the cause. However, as the movement progressed, some of them began to harbor reservations about Gandhi's program. Hence statement 3 is correct.
  • Indian business groups, benefiting from the emphasis on swadeshi (indigenous production and boycott of foreign goods) by the nationalist, supported the economic boycott called for during the movement.
  • Peasants also actively participated in the movement, but it did lead to confrontations between different castes, particularly between the lower and upper castes.
  • Initially, the movement was led by individuals from the middle classes, but as time passed, many of them expressed reservations about Gandhi's approach. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
  • The Non-Cooperation Movement provided an opportunity for the oppressed masses to express their grievances against both the British and their Indian oppressors.
  • Women played a crucial role in the movement, participating in large numbers, giving up purdah (seclusion), and contributing their ornaments to the Tilak Fund.

10. In which year the first Non-Cooperation movement was launched by Indian National Congress? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]

Correct Answer: (c) 1920
Solution:Gandhiji launched the non-cooperation movement on 1st August 1920. The movement gained widespread success in western India, Bengal, and North India. As a follow-up to the Rowlatt Act, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, and the Khilafat Movement, Mahatma Gandhi announced his intention to begin Non-Cooperation with the Government. At a special session in Calcutta in September 1920, Congress approved a Non-Cooperation Movement until the Punjab and Khilafat wrongs were corrected and Swaraj was established. The programme of non-cooperation was accepted and endorsed without opposition in the Nagpur INC Session of December 1920.
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