NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, August 2024 (Anthropology)

Total Questions: 100

81. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Dance Forms)List-II (Tribes)
(a) KaramI. Khond
(b) DhimsaII. Mundas
(c) BhagoniaIII. Khasis
(d) Sad Suk MynseimIV. Bhils

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: A.
Solution:II. Karam is a dance form performed by the Mundas reflecting the cultural significance and celebration practices within this tribal group.
I. Dhimsa is associated with the Khond tribe showcasing the rich cultural heritage and communal engagement through dance.
IV. Bhagoria is a festival dance performed by the Bhils known for its vibrant and energetic expressions during the festival of the same name.
III. Sad Suk Mynseim is a dance performed by the Khasis representing deep-rooted traditions and cultural identity in their ceremonies and public celebrations.

82. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) The Indus Valley civilizationI. A. Parpola
(b) The Archaeology of IndiaII. W.A. Fairservis
(c) The Roots of Ancient IndiaIII. D.P. Agrawal
(d) The South Indian MegalithsIV. R.E.M. Wheeler

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: A.
Solution:The correct associations for the list of works and authors are as follows: "The Indus Valley civilization" is most notably studied by R.E.M. Wheeler (IV), who made significant contributions to the archaeological understanding of this ancient civilization.

"The Archaeology of India" by D.P. Agrawal (III) provides a comprehensive survey of the archaeological activities across India. "The Roots of Ancient India" by W.A. Fairservis (II) delves into the early historical and prehistorical periods of India, providing insights into its ancient civilizations. Lastly, "The South Indian Megaliths" has been explored by A. Parpola (I), who studied these architectural phenomena within the broader context of Dravidian studies.

83. Arrange the following approaches in the chronological order of their systematisation and emergence in anthropology:

(a) Development anthropology
(b) Action anthropology
(c) Practicing anthropology
(d) Applied anthropology
(e) Engaged anthropology
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: A. (d), (b), (a), (c), (e)
Solution:Applied anthropology is one of the earliest formalizations in utilizing anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems, marking the foundation of the profession's practical applications.
(b) Action anthropology followed, emphasizing change facilitated by the anthropologist within the community being studied.
(a) Development anthropology then emerged, focusing specifically on the roles of anthropological insights in planning and implementing development projects.
(c) Practicing anthropology is a more recent evolution, encompassing all forms of anthropological practice outside of academic settings and into the broader professional world.
(e) Engaged anthropology is the latest development, advocating for a participatory role of anthropologists in pressing social issues and active advocacy.

84. The fusion of epiphysis and diaphysis is stimulated by:

Correct Answer: C. Gonadal hormone
Solution:The fusion of epiphysis and diaphysis, a critical developmental phase in human skeletal growth, is primarily stimulated by gonadal hormones. These hormones, which include estrogens and testosterone, play a pivotal role during puberty in triggering and regulating the processes that lead to the maturation of bones. This includes the fusion of the growth plates (epiphysis) with the main shaft (diaphysis) of bones, marking the end of growth in height.

85. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Cultural perspectives)List-II (Anthropologists)
(a) Culture as an ideological systemI. C. Levi-Strauss
(b) Culture as dramaII. Marvin Harris
(c) Culture as systems of adaptationIII. Victor Turner
(d) Culture as structures of mindIV. Clifford Geertz

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: D.
Solution:(a) Culture as an ideological system is best described by Clifford Geertz (IV) who emphasized the interpretative nature of culture as a system of inherited concepts expressed in symbolic forms.
(b) Culture as drama is insightfully analyzed by Victor Turner (III) who explored the social drama and symbolic interpretations within cultural performances and rituals.
(c) Culture as systems of adaptation is associated with Marvin Harris (II) who argued for a materialistic approach, viewing cultural practices primarily as adaptations to material conditions.
(d) Culture as structures of mind relates to C. Levi-Strauss )1( who focused on the underlying structures of human cognition that manifest in cultural patterns.

86. The important limitations of observation technique in research are:

(a) it only generates qualitative data
(b) issues of reliability
(c) observations are perspectival
(d) deluge of data
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: B. (b) and (c) only
Solution:The important limitations of the observation technique in research include issues of reliability (b) and the fact that observations are perspectival (c). Reliability issues arise because different observers may interpret the same scenario differently, leading to inconsistencies in data collection. Observations are inherently  perspectival as they are influenced by the observer's background, biases, and subjective interpretation of events, which can affect the objectivity and generalizability of the research findings. This technique, however, does not exclusively generate qualitative data, as it can also be structured to collect quantitative data (a), and while it can lead to a deluge of data (d), this is not a limitation but rather a challenge in data management.

87. Language is a force in its own right, that it affects how individuals in a society perceive and conceive social reality. This view was expressed by:

Correct Answer: B. Edward Sapir and B. Whorf
Solution:The view that language is a force in its own right, affecting how individuals in a society perceive and conceive social reality, was most prominently expressed by Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf.

Their hypothesis, known as the SapirWhorf Hypothesis or linguistic relativity, posits that the structure of a language significantly influences the thoughts and actions of speakers within that culture. This theory has been influential in the fields of anthropology, linguistics, psychology, and cognitive science, emphasizing the role of language in shaping cognitive categories.

88. The poorly drained ground moraine areas abandoned by continental glaciers are:

Correct Answer: C. Lacustrine beds
Solution:The poorly drained ground moraine areas abandoned by continental glaciers are known as lacustrine beds. These areas consist of sediment deposited in lake environments that formed in depressions created by glacial activity.

As the glaciers melted, these depressions filled with water, creating lakes where fine sediments settled over time. Lacustrine beds are typically characterized by layers of clay and silt which are excellent indicators of past glacial and post-glacial environments.

89. Arrange the units of Robert Redfield's study on Folk-Urban continuum in the correct order from folk to urban:

(a) Chankom           (b) Merida
(c) Dzitas                 (d) Tusic
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: C. (d), (a), (с), (b)
Solution:Robert Redfield's study on the FolkUrban continuum conceptualizes a spectrum from rural, traditional societies to urban, modern ones. In his study, Tusic (d) represents a small, isolated, and traditional folk community, while Chankom (a) is slightly larger but still maintains many traditional aspects.

Dzitas (c) shows more interaction with modern influences yet retains a strong connection to traditional ways. Merida (b) is the most urban and modern, exhibiting significant departures from traditional lifestyles. This progression from (d) to (b) reflects the increasing influence of urban characteristics and decreasing traditional elements.

90. Identify the correct sequence of the following fingerball patterns in descending order of their frequency in the world population:

(a) Plain arch                      (b) Loop
(c) Whorl                             (d) Tented arch
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: B. (b), (c), (a), (d)
Solution:The correct sequence of the following fingerball patterns in descending order of their frequency in the world population is Loops (b), Whorls (c), Plain arch (a), and Tented arch (d). Loops are the most common fingerprint pattern found globally, followed by whorls.

Plain arches are less common, and tented arches are the least common. This ranking reflects the general prevalence of these patterns across diverse populations, providing valuable information in fields such as forensics and biometric identification.