NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam (Cancel), June, 2024 Geography

Total Questions: 71

11. Identify the correct statements with reference to tornadoes.

A. A phenomenon like tornado over the ocean is called waterspout.
B. A pre-requisite for tornado development is the formation of a mesocyclone.
C. A tornado represents a rotating funnel shaped column of air which extends from cumulonimbus clouds down to the surface.
D. Japan is most prone to tornadoes in the world.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, B and C only
Solution:

Tornadoes are extremely terrifying and violently rotating columns of air, whose upper part is covered by cumulonimbus clouds. These funnel-shaped cumulonimbus clouds are connected to the ground surface by a thin, pipe-like column of air (column), which is also known as a waterspout on the sea surface.
Tornadoes mainly occur in the United States of America and Australia. For the development/formation of a tornado, the following conditions are necessary: strong convergence of air near the ground surface, widespread divergence of air above the ground surface, buoyant air mass, the formation of a mesocyclone, the presence of a moist air mass in the lower layer, a trigger mechanism, and an unstable thermal vertical structure, meaning a rapid change in temperature with height.
Thus, option (b) is correct.

12. Arrange the following cities in descending length of daylight in summer season.

A. Chennai      B. Dhaka
C. Moscow      D. Shanghai
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) C, D, B, A
Solution:

The correct descending order of cities based on the duration of daylight in the summer season is: Moscow→ Shanghai → Dhaka → Chennai. During the Summer Solstice, the Earth's North Pole is tilted towards the Sun. Consequently, as we move from the equator towards the pole, an increasing part of the latitudes faces the Sun, and the duration of the day increases. The North Pole faces the Sun for six months, and the day lasts for six months there. Thus, option (a) is correct.

13. Match List-I with List-II

Correct Answer: (c) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Solution:

14. Arrange the following toposheets in order from larger to smaller scale :

A. 47D/11             B. 63
C. 55J                    D. 63K/7/2
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) D, A, С, В
Solution:The correct sequence of topographical sheets from large scale to small scale is: 63K/7/247D/11→550→63. Thus, option (d) is correct.

15. Match List-I with List-II

Correct Answer: (b) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
Solution:

16. Which of the following geographical concept was inspired by Darwin's Origin of species'?

Correct Answer: (d) Cycle of Erosion by W.M. Davis
Solution:

W.M. Davis's Cycle of Erosion theory was inspired by Darwin's evolutionary ideas on the Origin of Species, who believed that all inanimate and animate facts of the world are changeable and evolving with time.
Davis used the term Geographical Cycle (Geomorphic Cycle). Davis believed that the process of erosion becomes active after the cessation of the uplift of the Earth's surface. He stated that any 'landform is a result of structure, process, and time (stage)'.

17. The Earthquakes on the Pacific Coast of Maxico are associated with the subduction boundary of the plate.

Correct Answer: (a) Cocos
Solution:

The earthquake on the Pacific Coast of Mexico is related to the subduction boundary of the Cocos Plate. The Nazca Plate is located off the western coast of South America. Juan de Fuca is also a small plate, located in the Cascadia Subduction Zone in the western part of the North American Plate. The North Atlantic Ridge is the northern part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which is called the Dolphin Ridge.

18. Arrange the following centers of paper industry form North to South.

A. Naini              C. Punalur
B. Kurnool         D. Nanded
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) ADBС
Solution:

The following is the North to South sequence of the given Paper Industries: Naini (Uttar Pradesh) → Nanded (Maharashtra) → Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh) → Punalur (Kerala). Thus, option (d) is correct.

19. The thunderstorms are most frequent in_______

Correct Answer: (c) doldrums
Solution:

The Doldrums have the highest frequency of thunderstorms. Due to the association of thunderstorms with high temperatures, high humidity, and high convergence, the Equatorial Regions are the most ideal location for them.
In these regions, the air moves from bottom to top (convective). The Sub-Polar Region extends between 60°-65° latitudes in both hemispheres. Rainfall in these areas, caused by Westerly winds, ranges from 100 to 125 cm, and this belt is called the Secondary Maximum Rainfall Belt.
The Horse Latitudes extend between 30°-35° latitudes in both hemispheres, where the annual average rainfall is less than 25 cm. Most of the precipitation in the Polar Regions is in the form of snowfall, with an annual total also less than 25 cm.

20. Identify the correct statements with reference to Geomorphic Cycles of Davis and Penck.

A. Davis considered the cycle of erosion of fluvial process as the 'normal cycle of erosion'.
B. Davis used the concept of 'base level' proposed by Gilbert and concept of 'graded streams' propounded by Powell and applied 'evolutionary paradigm.
C. In the second sub-phase of the phase of uniform development of landscape of Penck model absolute height increases and relative relief also increases at the same rate.
D. Davis applied the concept of slope decline.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Correct Answer: (b) A, and D only
Solution:

The following statements are correct in the context of the geomorphic cycles of Davis and Penck: Davis considered the cycle of erosion by the fluvial process as the 'Normal Cycle of Erosion'. Davis used the concept of slope decline.
In the second sub-stage of the phase of synchronous landscape development in the Penck model, there is no increase in absolute height, nor is there an increase in relative relief, because the rate of summit lowering and uplift are equal. Davis did not use the concept of Base Level proposed by Gilbert and graded streams propounded by Powell to apply the evolutionary paradigm.
Powell propounded his concept on the 'Base Level' in 1875 AD. According to Powell, the sea level represents the main base level, below which sub-aerial erosion cannot occur. Mr. Gilbert propounded a theory based on the relationship between river velocity and river carrying power, which is called Gilbert's Law of Sixth Power. According to this theory, the transporting power of a river is proportional to the sixth power of the river's velocity.
Gilbert used the scientific method in the analysis of landforms and processes, which emphasizes quantity over quality. He used the thermodynamic model in the analysis of geological processes. Davis first propounded a genuine General Theory' related to the development of landforms.
His geomorphic theory is a collection of several concepts. The three main ones are: (1) The complete cycle of stream life, (2) The geographical cycle, (3) Slope development. Davis observed the cyclical method in the development of landforms in a historical context. He stated that the construction and development of landforms are influenced by structure, process, and time.
Thus, option (e) is correct.