NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam (Cancel), June, 2024 Geography

The Earth revolves on its axis from West to East. Due to this movement, the water cannot keep up with the land, causing it to lag behind. As a result, movement in the water is generated from the East to West direction.
This is why the fastest and deepest geostrophic currents are observed on the western margins of the oceans. Ocean currents are of two types: (1) Cold Current, (2) Warm Current. Currents that flow from the poles towards the equator are called cold currents, and those that flow from the equator towards the poles are called warm ocean currents.

Friedmann's Model is known as the CorePeriphery Model. Friedmann presented it in 1966 AD. It is a model of the regional organization of human activity, mainly based on the unequal distribution of power in the economy and society. In 1966, analyzing the regional development policy in Venezuela (South America), Friedmann explained the Core-Periphery development stages in an urban system. The traditional Core-Periphery Development Model attempts to present the regional urban system in four major stages. The four main stages of urban system development are as follows:
(i) Pre-Industrial Stage
(ii) Transitional Stage
(iii) Industrial Stage
(iv) Post-Industrial Stage

The correct sequence of land uses propounded by Burgess from the CBD to the periphery is: Factory Zone, Zone of Transition, Working Class Zone, and Commuter Zone. The famous American sociologist Mr. Burgess propounded this theory in 1925 AD based on the city of Chicago. Burgess stated that the expansion of a city is radial outwards from the center, forming a series of concentric zones. He divided the urban land use pattern into the following five zones, which are like concentric circles:
(i) Central Business District (CBD)
(ii) Zone of Transition
(iii) Working Class Residential Zone (Area of low-class residences)
(iv) High-Class Residential Zone
(v) Commuter Zone
Thus, option (b) is correct.

The Thar Desert is not included among the 15 agro-climatic regions of India classified by the Planning Commission, whereas Western Rajasthan, Middle Ganga Plain, and North-Eastern Region are parts of the agro-climatic regions. Based on general agro-climatic factors such as soil type, rainfall, temperature, water resources, etc., the Planning Commission (1989) divided the country into 15 Agro-Climatic Regions.
Land management, crop production, animal husbandry, aquaculture, horticulture, forestry, agro-processing, etc., were used to determine the development framework in these regions. The 15 agro-climatic regions of India classified by the Planning Commission are as follows:
(1) Western Himalayan Region
(2) Eastern Himalayan Region
(3) Lower Ganga Plain
(4) Middle Ganga Plain
(5) Upper Ganga Plain
(6) Trans-Ganga Plain
(7) Eastern Plateau and Hills
(8) Central Plateau and Hills
(9) Western Plateau and Hills
(10) Southern Plateau and Hills
(11) Eastern Coastal Plains and Hills
(12) Western Coastal Plains and Ghats
(13) Gujarat Plains and Hills
(14) Western Dry Region
(15) Island Region

Christianity holds a significant influence in the Western Cultural Realm. A Cultural Realm is a mediumlevel cultural region characterized by spatial cultural homogeneity. The boundaries of cultural regions and cultural realms are determined based on common cultural traits (characteristics). The boundary of a cultural realm does not follow a natural or political boundary. For the demarcation of the world's cultural realms, broad regional elements are taken as the basis, and minute cultural elements are not focused on. The bases used for this include lifestyle, religious belief, language, race, philosophy of life, geographical proximity, etc. The major cultural realms of the world are as follows:
(1) Anglo-American Realm
(2) Latin American Realm
(3) North-Western European Realm
(4) Eastern European-Russian Realm
(5) Mediterranean Realm
(6) Arid Muslim Realm
(7) Negro African Realm
(8) South Asian Realm
(9) East Asian Realm
(11) Australian Realm
(12) Pacific Realm
(10) South-East Asian Realm