NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, Dec. 2020/June 2021 Commerce (Morning-Shift)

Mann- Whitney U- test also called Mann- 'Whitney wilcoxon (mww/mwu) is a non parametric test of the null hypothesis. It is used to compare differences between two independent groups when the dependent variable is either ordinal or continuous, but not normally distributed.

Complementary events are mutually exclusive, such that their probabilities add up to 1 and collective exhalation.
Complementary events are mutually exclusive events since they cannot occur at the same time.
The two events are said to be complementary when one event occurs if and only if the other does not. The probabilities of two complimentary events add up to 1.
They are exhaustive because the sum of their probabilities must add to 100%.

The null hypothesis is given chi-square test is rejected when calculated value of variable exceed its critical value.

The rejection region in a goodness of fit test lies only in the right tail of the distribution.
Note :- The chi-squre test is a non-parametric test :-

The principles of management have the following distinct features :-
Flexibility -Means that it is not rigid, can be modified| by the manger as per situation.

Universal application - They are applicable to all level of management.
Principles are relative, not absolute and they should be applied according to the need of the organisation or business

Use of interviews as a training needs assessment technique has the following advantage:
Questions can be modified according to the requirement.
Can explore unanticipated issues that came up during the time of interview.
Training needs assessment technique is the process to identify "gaps" between current performance and) department/organizational objectives. This concept, helps to know the difference and determine training needs.

The advantages of incentive payment are :-
Better utilization of equipment - Incentive plants motivates workers for higher efficiency and productivity by improving work-flow and work methods which results in better utilization of equipments.

Reduced absenteeism and turnover by keeping employees to be motivated and increase both morale land job satisfaction.

Provide information for determining adequacy of loan loss provision is not result in credit risk.
Credit Risk - Failure to repay the money back, by a borrower to the creditor for a borrower it is only a loan| but for a Bank it is an asset. Credit loss rise results in INPA (or non-performing assets).

Regarding electronic purse following statements are false :- Retinal pattern verification, visual recognition because during the process of payment no one of above permission involve.

Mobile wallet - A mobile wallet is a way to cary cash in digital format, you can link your credit card or debit card information in mobile device to mobile wallet application or you can transfer money online to mobile wallet.

The defects of Indian money market are:-
Dichotomy in Indian Money market :- The existence of unorganised segment. The segment undermines the role of the RBI in the money market.

Diversity in interest rates :- Another defect of Indian money market is the multiplicity and disparity of interstates.
Example :- difference in borrowing rates of government the lending rates of commercial banks, Rate of co-operative banks etc.

Penetration pricing strategy delivers results :
Where price quality association is weak.
When the market is characterised by intensive competition.
When the firm uses its as an entry strategy.
Penetration pricing :-
This is a strategy used by business to attract customer to new product or services by offering a lower price initially.
The lower price helps a new product or service penetrate the market and attract customers away from competitors.