NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, Dec. 2020/June 2021 (Commerce) Shift-II

Criterion validity is a type of validity based on showing that scores on the test (Predictors) are related to job performance.
• Criterion validity is divided into three types:-
→ Predictive validity, concurrent validity & retrospective validity.
• Example:- If a measure of criminal behaviour is valid, then it should be possible to use it to predict whether an individual
(a) Will be arrested in the future for a criminal violation.
(b) Is currently breaking the law, and.
(c) Has a previous criminal record.

Gives personal attention, treats each employee individually is not a characteristics of transactional Leaders.

• A transactional leader is someone who values order, structure. They are Likely to command military operations, manage Large corporations, or lead international projects that require rules and regulations to complete objectives on time or move people and

Stretch goals that challenge people to achieve high levels of success in current activities is known as:-
Vertical Stretch goals-
• Ex- Setting your fundraising goal of 5,00,000 Rupee and adding a stretch goal of an additional 1 Lakh Rupee.

Usually in Self-ratings, performance appraisal technique, subjects self-ratings are negatively correlated with their subsequent performance in an assessment center.
• peer Appraisals→ is usually done by colleagues who are a part of the same team.
• Appraisal by subordinates→ is an appraisal system where by managerial employees are evaluated by their subordinates.
• 360-Degree Feedback→ is an appraisal that incorporates feed back from all who observe and are affected by the performance of a candidate.
Note:- The Self-rating were negatively and non linearly related to performance with some of those who gave themselves the highest rating having the lowest performance on the assessment center.

Credit risk, market risk and operational risk is true about the risk considered for capital requirements under Basel II.
• In 2004, Basel II guidelines were published by BCBS.
• The guidelines were based on three parameters, which the committee calls it as pillars.
• Capital Adequacy Requirements:- Bank should maintain a minimum capital adequacy requirement of 8% of risk assets.
• Supervisor Review:- According to this, banks were needed to develop and use better risk management techniques in monitoring and managing the three types of risks that a bank faces, viz credit, market and operational risks.
• Market Discipline:- This needs increased disclosure requirements. Banks need to mandatorily disclose their CAR, risk exposure etc to the external.

Diversity in interest rates is not the characteristics of mutual funds.
• Diversity in interest rates is relate with money market.
features of mutual funds are:-
→ Money pooled from various individuals (investors)
→ Will regulated by (SEBI)
→ Professionally managed.
→ High returns than conventional investing.
→ Access to large portfolios.
→ Expert money management.
→ Diversification & safe & secure.
→ Systematic investment planning.
→ Allows to invest in small amounts.

Among the following statements, GDR is a negotiable instrument issued by a US bank is false.
• GDR Stands for Global Depository Receipt (GDR), also known as IDR (International depository bank), which purchases shares of foreign companies and deposits it in the account.
• American depositary Receipt (ADR) refers to a negotiable certificate issued by a US depository bank representing a specified number of shares usually one share- of a foreign company's stock.

• A non-Banking financial company (NBFC) is a company registered under the companies Act engaged in the business of loans and advances, acquisition of shares/stocks/bonds/debentures/securities issued by Government or Local authority or other marketable securities of a like nature, leasing, hire-purchase, insurance business, shit business but does not includes any institution whose principle business is that of agriculture activity, industrial activity purchase & sale of goods (other than securities).

Legal services can be categorised as information processing services.
• Examples of information processing services includes insurance, banking and consulting.
• In marketing, Information processing services are a unique form of intangible products where the information acts as a products or information technology is used.
• In this, Little direct involvement with the customer may be needed once the request for service has been initiated.

“Print media is not necessarily impactful in rural markets” is not true about rural markets.
• Traditional media is more effective with rural audience as Interpersonal communication (IPC) was ranked most effective, which includes print media.
• Examples of print media used in rural markets are, cards with religious impression, visual advertisements in local magazines & newspapers in their regional language etc.