NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, Dec. 2020/June, 2021 Geography

Furious fifties and Rossby waves is closely associated with westerlies .They are the Permanent winds that blow in the middle latitudes. They blow from the subtropical high-pressure belts towards sub-polar low-pressure belts. The westerlies of the Southern hemisphere are more robust and constant than the westerlies of the Northern hemisphere because they face minimal land interference as compared to the northern hemisphere.
Rossby waves- Are naturally occurring in rotating fluids (are and water). These are huge undulating movement of fluids that stretch he horizontally across the planet for 100 of km. They are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degree latitude.

The Dobson and Spectrophotometer measures total column of ozone from the ground to the top of the atmosphere in a column by measuring the amount of sunlight reaching Earth's surface in the region of the electromagnetic spectrum where ozone absorption occurs. Measurement unit for determining the total amount of ozone present is a vertical column of air above the surface of the earth. The ozone in a layer of ozone at atmospheric pressure of 1013 hPa and temperature of 298 K which measures 1 mm in thickness and is equivalent to 100 Dobson units.

The most accurate representation of culture units are in highest to lowest form Realm, Region, Complex, Trait. Culture is the specialized behavioral social patterns, understandings, adaptations, and social systems that summarize a group of people's learned way of life. Cultural realm is the largest possible area of cultural influence.
It is a wider concept and includes overlaps and transitional areas. Cultural region is a modern concept and does not include geographical continuation. There should be a boundary; geopolitical regions have been used to define cultural regions.
Cultural complex is a distinctive pattern of activities, beliefs, rites, and traditions associated with one central feature of life in a particular culture. An example is the cluster of activities, ceremonies, folklore, songs, and stories associated with the hunting and use of the buffalo by Native American peoples.
Cultural trait, in which basic belief, practice, technique, or object that can be said to identify a given culture in some aspect of its economic, political, social, or religious organization, such as a specific agricultural practice, law, ritual, belief about child-rearing, or architectural design.

The incoming long wave radiation from the atmosphere is absorbed in the top levels of the Ocean surface. As the Earth warms, water in the ocean soaks up energy (heat) and distributes it more evenly across the planet. Long wave radiation is electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths from 3-100 µm emitted from Earth and its atmosphere out of space in the form of thermal radiation.

Government policymakers and planners around the world use population projections to gauge future demand for food, water, energy, and services, and to forecast future demographic characteristics. Population projections can alert policymakers to major trends that may affect economic development and help policymakers craft policies that can be adapted for various projection scenarios.
Option B is correct because for the population projection we must have the dater regarding the rate of population growth and a rough assumption about the future birth and death rates b analyzing past trends option A is incorrect because. Only by analyzing death rate we can't predict the population growth in future we need the date of fertility rates also.
Option C is incorrect ibid option A explanation
Option D is incorrect because Age and sex composition i.e. Population pyramid data only provides us the gender composition related date and not about the growth of population.

The Concentric Zone Model is a model explaining the internal structure of urban social setting with an arrangement of social groups in a series of rings. It was the first model to describe the distribution of various social groups in cities. It was created by Ernest Burgess in 1925. The development of the model was based on the idea that the nature of growth of a city is that it starts from a central region and grows outwards in a series of rings. Notably, the order of the rings is constant, but their sizes can change. In concentric zone model, the correct order of zones from city core to periphery are given below in figure

Himachal Pradesh is popularly renowned for its Himalayan landscapes and popular hill-stations. Himachal Pradesh is blessed with significant potential for hydro electricity generation due to thawing of glaciers and frozen lakes.
In Himachal Pradesh 27 hydro stations (individual station capacity > 25 MW) housing 92 generating units with an aggregate installed capacity 9693 MW are in operation. Himachal Pradesh's accomplishments in education are partly reflected in its 82.80% literacy rate, achieved through decades of infrastructure build-up and by incentivising school enrolments with free uniforms and study material.
The development objective of the Himachal Pradesh Horticulture Development Project for India is to support small farmers and agro-entrepreneurs in Himachal Pradesh, to increase the productivity, quality, and market access of selected horticulture commodities. Newly folded Himalaya's position of Himachal Pradesh lacks in mineral resources as compared to southern and eastern state, So option D is incorrect. Due to rough terrain and mountain peaks of outer Himalaya's lies in Himachal Pradesh that is still rising roughly at the rate of around 2-3 cm a year, it is not possible for table land in high proportion at their.

The von Thünen model of agricultural land use was created in 1826, which was initially developed prior to major industrialization found in Europe. There are generally four main circles around the city that consist, from nearest to a town and moving outwards, of Rent prices for land are high near a city. The model generally explains variation of land rent and market activity of a region around towns.

Hydraulic Slope Theory is Given by R.E. Harton in 1945. He was the first to formalize the importance of topography to hillslope hydrology by proposing that a critical hillslope length was required to generate a channel. The term slope in its broadest sense means an element of the earth's solid surface, including both terrestrial and submarine surface.