NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, Dec. 2020/June, 2021 Geography

Total Questions: 100

51. Which one of the following group of states/UT recorded more than 30 percent of urban population according to census 2011 data?

Correct Answer: (b) Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Punjab
Solution:

Gujarat (42.6%), Tamil Nadu (48.40%), Kerala (42.22%) and Punjab (37.48%) recorded more than 30 percent of urban population. Total urban population in percentage in India as per census 2011 is 31.16%. Goa (62.17%) is the most urbanised state.

52. Which one of the following refers to a relationship between a cultural group and natural environment?

Correct Answer: (a) Cultural ecology
Solution:

Cultural ecology is the study of the adaptation of a culture to a specific environment and how the changes in that environment lead to changes in that specific culture. It also focuses on how the overall environment, natural resources available, technology, and population density affect the rest of the culture and how a traditional system of beliefs and behavior allows people to adapt to their environment.
Interplay between any population and their environment is the subject of ecological studies. Cultural ecologists study how humans in their society and through specific cultures interact with the larger environment. In the case of human beings, much of the behavior involved in interaction with the environment is learned behavior that has become part of the reserve of learned skills, technology, and other cultural responses of a people in a society.

53. Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Fjord is not a suitable location for a port.
Reason (R): Fjords are drowned glaciated valleys with narrow deep channels along the coast. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
Solution:

Fjord are drowned glaciated topography mainly formed due to erosion, found mainly around the coasts, there are deep calm and protected which makes it suitable for making of ports and harbours So A and R correct and R is the correct explanation of A

54. Which of the following statements are correct about sea water-

(A) The density of sea water depends upon temperature, pressure and salinity
(B) Convergence of water has no effect on density
(C) The thermal expansion of water varies with the increase and decrease of temperature
(D) In the middle latitudes, due to an excess of precipitation the density is higher
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) (A) and (C) only
Solution:

Characteristics of seawater
1. Seawater contains salts as one of its properties. It is believed that around 3.5% of seawater contains dissolved salts.
2. The freezing point of seawater is a little bit lower than that of freshwater.
3. The density of seawater depends mainly upon two things: temperature and salinity. Seawater has low temperature and high salinity; therefore, the density of seawater remains higher than freshwater. The average temperature of seawater is 3.5 degrees celsius.
4. The electrical conductivity of seawater is higher than the freshwater.
5. The nature of seawater is slightly basic, i.e., its pH ranges from a scale between 7.4 to 8.5 (pH is defined as the concentration of hydrogen ions present in the water).
6. Gases in seawater are added by diffusion and wave action.

55. Which one of the following exert maximum tide producing force on the ocean water?

Correct Answer: (b) Moon
Solution:

Moon has the maximum tide producing force on the ocean water. According to Thurman (1994)- Tidal force are based on gravitation attractive force, with regard to tidal force on the earth, the distance between two object is more critical than their masses i.e. Tidal generating forces vary inversely the cube of the distance from the tide generating object and according to Thurman sun gravitational attraction force is about hall of the moon so moon tidal generating force is greater than all of the given option.

56. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The process in which one plate slides beneath another plate is zone of convergence
Statement II: Sea floor spreading becomes more prominent along the zone of convergences In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
Solution:

Usually, one of the converging plates will move beneath the other, a process known as subduction and not zone of convergence. Deep trenches are features often formed where tectonic plates are being subducted and earthquakes are common.
Seafloor spreading is a geologic process in which tectonic plates—large slabs of Earth's lithosphere-split apart from each other.
It is important to mention here that Seafloor spreading and other tectonic activity processes are the result of mantle convection. Mantle convection is the slow, churning motion of Earth's mantle. Convection currents carry heat from the lower mantle and core to the lithosphere. Convection currents also "recycle" lithospheric materials back to the mantle. Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent plate boundaries. Hence both statement are incorrect.

57. As the wave approach coast, the wave form changes radically. Which one of the following is correct sequence of changes?

(A) Closely spaced crests
(B) Wave breaker
(C) Swash
(D) Back wash
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) (A), (B), (C), (D)
Solution:

When the wave touches the bottom, friction causes the wave to slow down. As one wave slows down, the one behind it catches up to it, thus decreasing the wavelength. so the crest becomes closer. However, the wave still contains the same amount of energy, so while the wavelength decreases, the wave height increases. Eventually the wave height exceeds 1/7 of the wavelength, and the wave becomes unstable and forms a breaker.
Often breakers will start to curl forwards as they break. This is because the bottom of the wave begins to slow down before the top of the wave, as it is the first part to encounter the seafloor. So the crest of the wave gets "ahead" of the rest of the wave, but has no water underneath it to support it due to which it reach to coast as simply in form of wave coiled as swash and then it returned to ocean as back wash

58. Match List I with List II:

Correct Answer: (b)
Solution:

59. Which of the following food stuff consume highest amount of water?

Correct Answer: (c) Beef
Solution:

Chocolate among the following food stuff which consume highest amount of water. More alarming is the total water footprint of chocolate, which consumes more than 17,000 liters of water per kg. For comparison, the water footprint for producing 1kg of beef (a notoriously large water user) is around 15,000 liters.

60. 'Save the Silent Valley' movement, a social movement to save the tropical green forest from destruction for a regional development project was territorially based in Indian State of-

Correct Answer: (c) Kerala
Solution:

A remarkable people's movement stopped a hydroelectric project across the Kunthipuzha River and saved a pristine evergreen forest in Kerala.
Save the Silent Valley was a social movement aimed at the protection of Silent Valley, an evergreen subtropical forest in the Palakkad district of Kerala, India. It was started in 1973 by an NGO led by Kerala Sasthra Sahithya Parishad (KSSP) to save the Silent Valley from being flooded by a [hydroelectric] project.