NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, Dec., 2021/June, 2022 Geography

Debt service Ratio is the proportion of a country's export earnings that it needs to use to meet its debt repayment. Debt service coverage ratio is different concept which is calculated as income divided by debt.

The elements-site, situation and association fall in Higher order of Aerial image interpretation. Aerial image interpretation is the act of examining photographic images, particularly airborne and spaceborne, for the purpose of identifying objects and judging their significance. The Elements of image interpretation are interconnected and are classified into following orders viz.
(1) Basic or first order Element (Tone/ colour)
(2) Second order (Texture, shape, size, pattern)
(3) Third order (Shadow and Height)
(4) Higher includes the (Association, Site, Situation)

High stationary stage in demographic transition model describe the situation of high and stable birth rate along with high and fluctuating death rate.

Rudolf Kjellen is the first person to coin the term 'Geopolitik' in 1899 Rudolf Kjellen was a Swedish Political scientist, geographer and Politician who first coined the term geopolitics. His work was influenced by Friedrich Ratzel.

Three component indicators used by M.D. Morris (1979) to calculate the Physical Quality of Life index (PQLI) are:-
Infant Mortality Rate Life Expectancy at age one Basic Literacy at age of 15 years.
PQLI is an attempt to measure the quality of life or well-being of a country. For each component, the performance of individual countries is placed on a scale of 0 to 100.

The geometrical shape formed by a group of buildings is termed as Pattern. Different Patterns like Rectangular Pattern, Hollow Rectangular Pattern, Square, Hollow square, star shaped, Linear Pattern, Radial Pattern, Arrow Pattern and Herring bone pattern are types of pattern.
• Situation refers to location of something with its surrounding.
• Site refers to specific location where something is built or located.
• Location refers to specific position of anything in terms of latitude and longitude.

Cumulative atmospheric disasters are-
(A) Tornado disaster
(B) Flood disaster
(D) Heat wave disaster

Cumulative atmospheric disasters are situations in which relatively low cost incidents have the potential to increase in frequency rapidly enough to impose significant social and economic costs, but their actual result cannot be predicted.

A Point data is Dimensionless. Point data exists when a feature is associated with a single location in space. A point data does not have a length, breadth or height. A point is the basic building block of geometry. It is denoted by a dot.

• 1 - Dimensional data has only
• 2- Dimensional data has length and breadth which makes up the area like, Triangle, square, polygons etc.
• 3- Dimensional data has the length breadth and height also. Which makes the shape like cylinder, cuboid, etc.