NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, Dec.- 2023 Sociology (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

11. Sum of squares of deviations from a central tendency (x or md) is known as :

Correct Answer: (c) Standard Deviation
Solution:

The sum of the squares of the means about a central tendency (x or md) is called the standard deviation.

Standard deviation is a measure of how much variation (e.g. spread, dispersion) exists from the mean. Standard deviation indicates the "typical" deviation from the mean.

12. Which type of interview is most suitable for market research?

Correct Answer: (c) Directed Interview
Solution:

The guided interview method is most suitable for market research. Market research surveys are a way to get direct feedback from the people who have the ultimate say in the success of your organization.

13. Who has introduced the case study method into social science?

Correct Answer: (c) Frederic Le Play
Solution:

The method of personal study in social science was first used by Frederick Lipple. Later, Herbert Spencer used personal study in anthropological studies.

Later, psychiatrist William Healy adopted this method in the study of juvenile delinquents. Personal study method is an important method of collecting facts in social research.

14. 'Research Methods in Social Relations' was written by whow?

Correct Answer: (c) Marie Jahoda, Morton Deutsch and Straut W. cook
Solution:

The authors of the book ‘‘Research Methods in Social Relations’’ are Mary Jahoda, Morton Deutsch and Strutt W. Cook.

15. Who defined "joint family as, a group of people who generally live under one roof, who eat food cooked at one hearth, who hold property in common and who participate in common family worship and are related to each other as some particular type of Kindred".

Correct Answer: (b) Karve, Irawati
Solution:

According to Iravati Karve, “Joint family as a group of people is one who usually reside under one roof, who eat food cooked on a common stove, who hold property jointly, who participate in the family worship and are related to each other in a specific type of kinship”.

16. When was the term sociology coined?

Correct Answer: (*)
Solution:

Sociology was first studied by French thinker August Comte in his major work 'Positive Philosophy' in 1838.

That is why August Comte is considered the father of sociology. Note: In the given option (a), 1839 is given which is not correct, its correct answer will be 1838.

17. The Okka is the basic group among Coorgs with

Correct Answer: (a) Patrilineal Joint Family
Solution:

The Okka is a patrilineal joint family, the core group of the Coorg community. According to Srinivas, the Okka is "a group of genetically related males descended from a common ancestor and his wives and children.

One can become a member of an Okka only by birth. Each Okka holds ancestral immovable property which is generally undivided. A person is forbidden to marry within an Okka."

18. Who has popularised the idea of a "clash of civilization"?

Correct Answer: (b) Samuel Huntington
Solution:

The idea of a 'clash of civilizations' was popularized by political scientist Samuel P. Huntington. Huntington argued that future wars would be fought not between countries, but between cultures.

This was a thesis of Huntington. Huntington later expanded on this in his 1996 book The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order.

19. According to whom primitive art products are used in religious ceremonial, in decorating personal possessions and in raising memorials for the celebrated dead.

Correct Answer: (c) E. R. Leach
Solution:

According to E.R. Leach, primitive art products are used in rituals related to decorating private property and building monuments for funeral rites.

20. Whose observation is that "village communities are little republics, having nearly everything that they want within themselves and almost independent of any foreign relations".

Correct Answer: (c) C.T. Metcalf
Solution:

C.T. Metcalfe observes that "rural societies are miniature republics, having nearly everything they need and being largely independent of any foreign relations."