NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, Dec.- 2023 Sociology (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

21. Who among the following identifies five main approaches that have been adopted in relation to women and development?

Correct Answer: (b) Caroline Moser
Solution:

Caroline Moser has identified five main approaches that have been adopted to women and development.

22. Which scheme of the following have had a positive impact on calorie intake, enrolment, attendance and even cognitive skills?

Correct Answer: (a) Mid day meals
Solution:

The Mid Day Meal Scheme has a positive impact on calorie intake registration, attendance and cognitive skills.The Mid Day Meal Scheme (under the Ministry of Education) is a centrally sponsored scheme launched in 1995.

It is the world's largest school meal programme to achieve the goal of universalisation of primary education. In 2021, it was renamed as 'Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman' Yojana (PM Poshan Yojana) and also includes students of Bal Vatika (children in the age group of 3-5 years) of pre-primary classes.

23. The term 'gender' is:

Correct Answer: (c) a social construct
Solution:

"Gender" is a socially constructed concept because it refers to socially constructed differences between men and women.

It refers to the masculine and feminine qualities, behavioral roles and responsibilities that society upholds. Gender can be changed and reoriented.

24. "The Patriot Movement" against globalisation in U.S. was inspired from the writings of :

Correct Answer: (b) William Pierce
Solution:

The Patriot Movement against globalization in the U.S. was inspired by the work of William Pierce.

25. Who studied Indian Sadhus in 1953?

Correct Answer: (d) G. S. Ghurey
Solution:

In 1953, G.S. Dhurye (in his book “Indian Sadhus, 1953) studied Indian sadhus. Dhurye was an Indian sociologist and anthropologist who made significant contributions to the study of Indian society and culture.

He wrote many books and articles on various aspects of Indian society and culture and his works are considered seminal in the field of sociology and anthropology. His important books:-
– Mahadev Kolis
– Indian Sadhus
– Religious Consciousness
– Social Tensions in India and Two Brahmanical Institutions.

26. "Asiatic, ancient, feudal and modern bourgeois modes of production can be designated as progressive ephochs in the economic formation of society"

Who has given this statement?

Correct Answer: (d) Karl Marx
Solution:

According to Karl Marx, "the Asiatic, ancient, feudal and modern bourgeois modes of production may be specified as progressive periods in the economic construction of society."

The Asiatic mode of production is a particularly original mode of production which is completely different from other slavery-based pre-capitalist modes of production.

The Asiatic mode of production also existed in primitive societies when people had collective ownership of land and equitable distribution of all products was possible.

27. The concept of "Transnationalism" is associated with the process of

Correct Answer: (b) Globalization
Solution:

The concept of "transnationalism" is related to the process of globalization. Globalization literally means the process of transforming local or regional objects or events into a global one. It can also be used to describe a process by which people from all over the world come together to form a society and work together.

28. When the General Agreement of Tarrifs and Trade (GATT) was set up?

Correct Answer: (b) in 1947
Solution:

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is an international trade agreement signed in 1947. GATT came into effect on 1 January 1948.

The aim of the GATT was to free up trade between member countries by reducing tariffs and reducing quotas. Member nations had to eliminate all trade discrimination.

29. The "Asian Miracle" experience of East Asian Nations from 1960 to 1990 was the result of:

Correct Answer: (d) Neo-liberal policies
Solution:

The 'Asian Miracle' experienced by East Asian nations from the 1960s to the 1990s was a result of neoliberal policies.

A 1993 World Bank report, The East Asian Miracle, attributed the economic boom to neoliberal policies, which included the maintenance of fortune-oriented policies, low taxes, and a minimal welfare state.

30. Which among the following disease is caused by the presence of excess of Arsenic in drinking water?

Correct Answer: (c) Black foot disease
Solution:

Blackfoot disease is caused by the presence of high levels of arsenic in drinking water. Blackfoot disease (PVD) is a severe form of peripheral vascular disease (BFD) in which the blood vessels in the lower limbs are severely damaged, ultimately resulting in gangrene.

It is caused by long-term exposure to arsenic. It occurs in West Bengal and surrounding areas where arsenic in drinking water has increased.