NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, Dec.- 2023 Sociology (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

31. Which among the following is not the role of sociologists in dealing with the environmental issues.

Correct Answer: (c) Sociologists can develop appropriate technology to deal with natural disaster
Solution:

Among sociologists in explaining environmental issues, it is not true that sociologists can develop appropriate technology to deal with natural disasters.

32. A social role similar to that outlined in case of the maternal uncle for one's fathers sister is designated as _____.

Correct Answer: (a) Amitate
Solution:

A social role similarly underlined in the case of one's maternal uncle in relation to one's father's sister is called a patrisvaasa relation. In Sanskrit, 'aunt' is called 'pitrisvaasa'. 'Pitrisvaasa' means father's sister i.e. aunt or 'aunt'.

33. Who classified family type into twelve categories for a comparative evaluation?

Correct Answer: (a) Pauline M. Kolenda
Solution:

Pauline M. Kolenda has classified family types into 12 categories for comparative evaluation.

34. The family was founded upon the intermarriage of several sisters, own and collateral, with each others husbands in a group is called _____.

Correct Answer: (d) Punaluan
Solution:

A family based on the intermarriage of several sisters, sons and clansmen within a group with each other's husbands was called Punaluan.

35. 'Mutterrecht' means:

Correct Answer: (b) Mother's right
Solution:

‘Matriarchy’ refers to mother's right. The thinker who brought this idea to prominence was Johann Jakob Bachofen's book Das Mutharscht, which is the title of his seminal 1861 book Mother's Right.

Matriarchy is a social system in which positions of dominance and authority are primarily held by women. In a broader sense, it can also extend to moral authority, social privilege, and control over property.

36. The rule of Hypergamy means :

Correct Answer: (a) The status of the husband is always higher than that of the wife
Solution:

Anulom marriage is a marriage in which a boy of a higher class, caste, sub-caste, clan and gotra marries a girl of a lower class, caste, sub-caste, clan and lineage. Then it is called Anulom marriage.

That is, in this the husband belongs to a higher clan or group than his wife. According to this tradition, people of high social status do not like to marry their daughter in a low status family, but they can certainly accept a daughter from such families.

37. Kuttam is a :

Correct Answer: (a) Patrilocal, Patrilineal and exogamous group
Solution:

In his study of the Pramalai Kallar subcaste of Tamil Nadu, Louis Dumont (1968) has made a detailed study of kin groups in the context of patrilineal, patrilocal and exogamous groups. Patrilineal, patrilocal and exogamous groups are called Kuttam. Usually the members of a Kuttam live in one or more villages. These are further divided into subsidiary Kuttams, each Kuttam bears the name of its ancestor and is also the name of its chief.

38. Who among the following has not used the Indological Approach for the study of kinship?

Correct Answer: (c) T.N. Madan
Solution:

Apart from Iravati Karve, G.S. Dhure, P.N. Prabhu along with M. Kapadia use the Indian methodological approach to the study of kinship. While T.N. Madan is not associated with it.

Kinship is a system of recognising relationships usually by marriage, blood and social ties. Relationships can be based on blood- known as consanguineal or through marriage relationship known as affinal.

39. What do you understand by gender differentiation?

Correct Answer: (c) Process of culturally defining the appropriate positions and roles for roles for each sex
Solution:

The process of culturally defining appropriate situations and roles for each sex is called gender discrimination.

Gender discrimination occurs when someone is treated unequally or disadvantageously based on their sex, but not necessarily of a sexual nature. It includes harassment discrimination based on gender identity or gender expression.

40. The strategy that humans have to adopt to their environment is called :

Correct Answer: (b) Culture
Solution:

Sociologists view culture as a way of life in which all members of a society participate. Each social institution develops its own culture. The English scholar Edward Tyrrell gives an early anthropological definition of culture:

'Culture' or civilization in its broadest ethnographic sense is a complex whole comprising knowledge, belief, art, morality, law, custom and other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.