NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, December, 2019 Geography

Total Questions: 100

31. Which of the following. Parameters are the basis of 'Fujita Scale' for classifying tornadoes?

(a) Pressure Gradient
(b) Temperature Gradient
(c) Wind speed
(d) Related property damages
Choose the correct option:

Correct Answer: (c) (c) and (d)
Solution:

The Fujita scale is a type of scale for rating tornado intensity, based primarily on the damage tornadoes inflict on human-built structures and vegetation. Notably, Fujita Scale classify tornadoes on the basis of wind speed and property damaged by tornadoes. So option 3 is correct answer.
It ranges from F0 to F5 i.e.

32. Which of the following does not form an essential part of the process of photosynthesis?

Correct Answer: (c) Nitrogen
Solution:

During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while the carbon dioxide is reduced, meaning it gains electrons. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glucose.
Through this process plants use CO2 and H₂O so produce Glucose for themselves and Oxygen as a by product.

33. Who gave the idea that there was an ice age during which most of Northern Europe was covered by Ice Sheets?

Correct Answer: (b) L. Agassiz
Solution:

The origin of ice age theory began hundreds of years ago when Europeans noted that glaciers in the Alps had shrunk. Although 19th-century Swiss geologist Louis Agassiz popularized this. The idea of Continental Glaciation came from Louis Agassiz in 1840 He states that much of the continent of N.A. was covered by glacial ice that was 2mles thick and which extended over much of the Mid-east.

34. Who calculated the circumference of the Earth as 25000 miles?

Correct Answer: (d) Erathosthenes
Solution:

In the third century BCE, Eratosthenes, a Greek librarian in Alexandria, Egypt, determined the earth's circumference to be 40,250 to 45,900 kilometers (25,000 to 28,500 miles) by comparing the Sun's relative position at two different locations on the earth's surface.

35. Which one of the following landmass recorded world's lowest air temperature (- 89°C) on July 21, 1983?

Correct Answer: (a) Antarctica
Solution:

The lowest temperature yet recorded by ground measurements for the Antarctic Region, and for the whole world, was -89.2°C (-128.6°F) at Vostok station on 21 July 1983.
The Soviet Union's Vostok Station in central Antarctica, one of the coldest and most remote places on the planet. The drill rig is on the left, the striped building in left center is the power station, and the striped building on the right is where researchers ate and slept. The domed building behind it is a meteorology station.

36. Answer the following question


Correct Answer: (c)
Solution:

The regression model equation is

37. Coastal and estuary waters are sometimes affected by algal foam and scum, often called

Correct Answer: (a) Red tides
Solution:

Red tides is a phenomenon caused by Algal blooms during which algae become so abundant that they discolor coastal water (hence the name Red-tide). It is the overgrowth of microscopic algae or algae-like bacteria in fresh, salt, or brackish waters. Depending on the type of algae or bacteria that cause it, an algal bloom may produce bad-smelling scum, foam, froth, or a paint like slick. Algal blooms can be of many colors, including blue-green, yellow, brown, pink, and red. The growth and persistence of an algal bloom depends on wind direction and strength, temperature, nutrients, and salinity. It causes negative impact to other marine organism → lowers the Dissolved oxygen level in water → causes death of aquatic fauna and flora some Algae produces very harmful chemicals which ultimately led to death of many aquatic organisms.
Thus, the Correct answer is A.

38. The hypsographic curve illustrated in the following diagram expresses different stages of basin development.


Choose the correct option out of the following for youthful stage of basin development from the above diagram

Correct Answer: (a) A
Solution:

The curve is created by plotting the proportion of total basin height against the proportion of total basin area. Convex hypsometric curves characterize young slightly eroded regions;
S-shaped curves characterize moderately eroded regions;
Concave curves point to old, highly eroded regions,

39. Given below are two statements- one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Melting of floating icebergs will have a big impact on sea level
Reason (R): 90% of icebergs sink into sea water.
Select the correct answer from options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) (A) is false, but (R) is true
Solution:

Icebergs and frozen seawater also melt in warm temperatures but are not responsible for sea levels rising because they are already in the water. So, the amount of sea level rise by Icebergs same as before so option A is incorrect.
We all know that the density of ice is 0.92 g/mL, and the density of water is 1.0 g/mL (1.03 for saltwater). This means that ice has nine-tenths, or 90 percent of water's density - and so 90 percent of the iceberg is below the water's surface. So we can say that (A) is false, but (R) is true.

40. Which one of the following is an essential macro nutrient for plant growth?

Correct Answer: (c) Potassium
Solution:

Role of Potassium
Potassium (K) is the most abundant inorganic element, and it is important for ensuring optimal plant growth (White and Karley, 2010).
K is an activator of dozens of important enzymes, such as protein synthesis, sugar transport, N and C metabolism, and photosynthesis.
Macronutrients for plant growth→
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O) Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sulphur (S)