NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam. December 2022 ENGLISH (Shift-I)

The abbreviated term CCCS stands for centre for contemporary cultural studies. This foundation was laid by Richard Hoggart. It is given another name 'Birmingham School'. The initial goal was to challenge the cultural elitism of literary theory as well as the positivism of British sociology creating an approach that had three components.
Thus, option (c) will be correct answer.

According to Stuart Hall, the concept of 'hegemony' played a seminal role in cultural studies. According to Hall, the problem of hegemony calls for an account of cultural and group formation as distinct from their political and ideological construction. The concept 'hegemony' was given by Antonio Gramsci. Thus, option (c) will be correct answer.

The book Political Shakespeare : Essays in Cultural Materialism was jointly edited by Alan Sinfield and Jonathan Dollimore.
The second edition of this book includes all the essays of the first edition and two new chapters in this edition, Jonathan Dollimore discusses current critical approaches to questions of gender and sexuality. Thus, option (b) will be correct answer.

Among the given options, The Making of the English Working Class has been written by E.P. Thompson, while The Country and the City (1973) has been written by Raymond Williams. It analyses images of the country and the city in English literature since the 16th century. Culture and Society by Raymond Williams, explores how the notion of culture developed in Britain. Modern Tragedy (1966) is written by Raymond Williams. It is based on ideas and ideologies which have influenced the production and analysis of tragedy.
Thus, option (d) will be correct answer.

'Second language' is any language other than the learner's native language or mother tongue. For example: English remained his second language for the rest of his life, because his upbringing was done in the environment of Hindi. Thus, option (c) will be correct answer.

When a learner's second language learning system seems to freeze or get stuck at some more or less deviant stage, that phenomenon is known as 'Fossilization'. It is the process in which incorrect language becomes a habit and cannot easily be corrected.
Thus, option (b) will be correct answer.

Integrative motivation refers to language learning for personal growth and cultural enrichment. It is relevant to learning foreign languages. People who immigrate to new countries are some examples of people who may want to identify with the community around them.
Thus, option (c) will be correct answer.

In 1835, Persian language was replaced by English as the official language of the East India Company. The British East India Company was responsible for introducing English in the subcontinent when they established their operations in the 17th century.
Thus, option (b) will be correct answer.

The Magna Carta of Indian education in the colonial period refers to Wood's Education Despatch of 1854. It was the first declaration of British education policy for educating the masses at all levels.
Thus, option (d) will be correct answer.

Among the given options, Shakespeare's Macbeth was translated into Bengali and directed by Girish Chandra Ghosh. Ghosh's Bengali translation of Macbeth obviously embodies a forward looking negotiation with western influence, rather than a traditionalist disquiet, but it can hardly avoid the tangle of tradition and modernity.
Thus, option (c) will be correct answer.