NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, December, 2022 Geography

Technopoles Silicon Forest situated in Seattle whereas Silicon Valley situated in South San Francisco Bay area of California. Silicon Valley is world famous in production of computer chip. California is Global centre of higher technology & innovation.

COP-27 of UNFCCC meeting took place in Sharm-El-sheikh (Egypt) from 7-18 November 2022 COP-27 included Loss and damage refund with Agenda to control Global worming.
COP-27 will launch master plans to Accelerate decarbonization

Considering food security sub regions of Africa. According to FAO of the total no. of undernourished live in Africa-
Eastern Africa (125.1 million people)
Western Africa (75.2 million people)
Central Africa (57.1 million people)
Northern Africa (17.4 million people)
Southern Africa (6.8 million people)

Alfred Thayer Mahan authored books named
(i) The influence of sea power and history.
(ii) The life of Nelson.
(iii) The influence of sea power upon fresh Revolution and Empire.
(iv) Major operations of the Navies.
*The geographical pivot of History was research paper of Mackinder.

Belgium is not considered as Nation state in any functional sense but rather a 'federation' of three different regions (Flanders, Wallonia and Greater Brussels) and of three different linguistic communities (Dutch, French and German).

Great Geographer Varenius laid the foundation of the dichotomy of Systematic V/S Regional geography in his book "Geographia Generalis". According to Varenius systematic geography describes General theories and rules of geography and Regional geography describes specific features of different regions.

Strabo was the Author of 17 volumes of "Geographical Treaties". He was first person to conclude four branches of geography (Mathematical, physical, Historical and political) in one book of geography. In 1st two parts he wrote introduction, in third part western Europe, Spain. In Fourth part Britain and in 17th part about Africa.

The scientific observations about the size, shape and circumference of the earth were made by Eratosthenes and Hipparchus at Alexandria. Eratosthenes is known as Father of geography He wrote the book "Geographie" where he used first time word 'geography' which means "Study of Earth". Hipparchus was Astronomer. He invented 'astrolabe' to tell the time at night from stellar positions. Hipparchus 1st time divided circle in 360°.