NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, December, 2022 Geography

Total Questions: 100

61. Which of the following countries founded the organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in 1960?

A. Iran
B. Iraq
C. Indonesia
D. Libya
E. Saudi Arabia
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B, D and E only
(b) A, C, D and E only
(c) A, B and E only
(d) A, B, C and E only

Correct Answer: (c) A, B and E only

Solution:

Organisation of Petroleum exporting countries OPEC was founded by 5 countries Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Venezuela in Baghdad conference in 1960. presently it contains 13 member. Members Alziria, Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia. UAE and Venezuela.
Qatar left his membership in January 2019.

62. Which of the following statements are NOT correct?

A. Spatial interaction is reflected in the flow of people, goods and information.
B. Gravity model is used for spatial interaction analysis.
C. Hurst applied concepts of conduction, convection and radiation of physics in his model of spatial interaction.
D. The direction of spatial interaction is determined exclusively by intervening opportunities.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A and B only
(b) A, B and C only
(c) B, C and D only
(d) C and D only

Correct Answer: (d) C and D only

Solution:

Spatial interaction is reflected in the flow of people, goods and information. Gravity model is used for spatial interaction. Hurst In his book "Transportation Geography" comments and Readings" propounded spatial interaction theory.
In this theory he did not use concepts of conduction, convection and radiation of physics. The direction of spatial interaction is not determined exclusively by intervening opportunities. Hence option (C) and (D) are not correct so Answer is (d).

63. Which of the following statements are correct with reference to Weber's Industrial location theory?

A. It is based on the assumption of variable physical and cultural landscape.
B. Entrepreneurs have knowledge of location of raw material and the market.
C. Agglomeration has no role in determining industrial location.
D. There are multiple modes of transportation.
E. It is based on principle of least-cost location.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B and E only
(b) A, B and E only
(c) C, D and E only
(d) B, C and D only

Correct Answer: (a) B and E only

Solution:

Alfred weber was economist, geographer and sociologist. He propounded Theory of Industrial location in 1909. In theory of Industrial location he described factors which influence spatial models of Industries. According to weber
• Entrepreneurs have knowledge of location of raw material and the market.
• Agglomeration has very important role in determining Industrial location.
• It will be a country of isotropic surface in which climate, place, mankind, technical efficiency of population will be uniform everywhere.
• This principle is based on "least cost location" principle which includes minimum Transport cost and minimum Labour Cost.

64. Consider the following statements related to transport, agricultural and mineral resources in India.

A. Konkan railway connects Roha to Kanyakumari and track measures 760 km.
B. Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana provides single all weather road connectivity to the habitation of 1000 persons or more.
C. Maharashtra has a longer crushing period of sugarcane than Uttar Pradesh.
D. Andhra Pradesh with the share of more than 98% of total production of mica is the leading mica producing state in India.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B and E only
(b) A and B only
(c) B and D only
(d) C and D only

Correct Answer: (c) B and D only

Solution:

Konkan Railway project (initiated in 1990) connects Roha (Maharashtra) to Mangaluru (Karnataka) and track length measures 741 km.
• Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (2000) – It's aim was to give road connectivity to villages with population 500 or more in plain Areas and villages with population 250 or more in hilly & Arid areas.
• Maharashtra has longer crushing period than Uttar Pradesh.
• Andhra Pradesh is largest producer of Mica in India. Rajasthan follows Andhra Pradesh in Mica production. Andhra Pradesh accounts 51.26% of total production of mica. Hence only option (c) is correct.

65. Consider the following statements regarding transportation and irrigation in India.

A. Sirhind canal originates from Satluj river to supply water for irrigation in Rajasthan.
B. Kerala State is bestowed with highest length of roads Km per 100 sq.km area among all states of India.
C. Buckingham canal is the part of National Waterway No.5 of India.
D. Tubewells, as mode of irrigation, provide water to the largest cultivated area of India.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B and C only
(b) A and D only
(c) A and C only
(d) B and D only

Correct Answer: (d) B and D only

Solution:

Sirhind canal originates from Satluj river to supply water for irrigation in Punjab Kerala state is bestowed with highest length of roads km per 100 Sq. km area among all states in India. Bakingham canal is a part of NW4 i.e. between Pedaganna and Puducherry.
National waterways lengths 623 km from Talchar (West Bengal) to Paradip (Odisha). According to statistical year book India 2018 India's largest part of irrigated land is under Tubewell irrigation it accounts 46.2% of net irrigated land.