NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, December, 2022 Geography

Total Questions: 100

81. Arrange the following publications in chronological order.

A. The Nature of Geography
B. Critique of Pure Reason
C. Origin of Species
D. Exceptionalism in Geography
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) B, C, A, D
Solution:

'Critique of pure Reason' published in 1781 by Imanuel Kant. 'Origin of species' was published by Charles Darwin in 1859. 'Nature of Geography' was published in 1939 by 'Richard Hartshorne.' 'Exceptionalism in geography' was published in 1953 Fredrich. K. Schaffer.

82. Which is the correct sequence of radiation from longest to shortest wavelength?.

A. X-rays
B. Visible
C. Infrared
D. Ultraviolet
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) C, B, D, A
Solution:

Correct sequence of radiation from longest to shortest wavelength is

RaysWavelength
(1)Gama Rays< 0.03 Nm
(2)X Rays0.03–3.0 Nm
(3)Ultra violet Rays0.03–0.4 micrometer
(4)Visible Rays0.4–0.7 micrometer
(5)Infrared Rays0.7–100 micrometer
(6)Microwave Rays0.1–30
(7)Radio waves30 cm

option (b) is correct answer.

83. Identify the sequence of clouds in sky (first to last) as a warm front approaches observer/place in the middle latitudes.

A. Cirrostratus
B. Nimbostratus
C. Altostratus
D. Cirrus
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) D, A, C, B
Solution:The sequence of clouds in sky (first to last) as a warm front approaches an observer/place in the middle latitudes is cirrus → Cirrostratus → Altostratus → Nimbostratus.

84. Identify the correct sequence of the major salts (in percentage) in the ocean waters in descending order.

A. Magnesium chloride
B. Calcium carbonate
C. Sodium chloride
D. Magnesium sulphate
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) C, A, D, B
Solution:

Correct sequence of the major salts (in Percentage) in the ocean waters in descending order is Sodium chloride → Magnesium Chloride, Magnesium Sulphate, Calcium Sulphate, Calcium carbonate.

85. Arrange the longitudinal fault lines of Himalayas from south to north.

A. Himalayan Frontal Fault (HFF)
B. Main Boundary Thrust (MBT)
C. Indus-Tsang Po Suture Zone (ITSZ)
D. Main Central Thrust (MCT)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A, B, D, C
Solution:

Longitudinal Fault lines of Himalayas from south to north are
Himalayan Frontal Fault (HFF) → Main Boundary Thrust → Main central thrust (MCT) → Indo-Tsangpo suture zone (ITSZ)
* Sidney Burai divided Himalaya in 4 longitudinal regions
(i) Punjab Himalaya (between Indus and Satluj river)
(ii) Kumaun Himalaya (between Satluj and Kali river)
(iii) Nepal Himalaya (between Kali and Tista river)
(iv) Assam Himalaya (between Tista and Brahmaputra)

86. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Maximum salinity is seen at Tropic of Cancer and the reason may be low rainfall, high evaporation and high atmospheric pressure.
Statement II: Minimum salinity is seen in temperate zone because of excess of evaporation and larger supplies of fresh water.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
Solution:

Oceanic salinity distribution affected by latitudes. Maximum oceanic salinity found on Tropic of cancer it accounts 36% salinity. Regions near Tropic of cancer have high temperature and high evaporation So salinity high. Equatorial region has salinity 34%. In equatorial region high rain decreases salinity. Minimum salinity is seen in temperate zone because of less temperature and less evaporation and melting of ice provides clean water (Non saline water).

87. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): El Nino has strong effect on marine life along the Peru coast.
Reason (R): During El Nino, upwelling of nutrient rich cold water is weakened which affects phytoplankton.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
Solution:

El Nino is warm oceanic current which flow in the December month near coast of Peres. This current affects oppositely to terrestrial and oceanic region. Due to excess rain coastal arid region flourish with greenery but oceanic biodiversity loses. During El Nino upwelling of nutrient rich cold water is weakened which affects phytoplankton causes dyeing of fishes and other organisms causes loss to aquatic biodiversity. Hence both statement (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is correct explanation of (A).

88. Given below are two statements about Structuralism/Structuralists:

Statement I: Structuralism is concerned with discovering the things that are real and important in social life by looking beneath the taken-for-granted socio-economic categories.
Statement II: Structuralist appreciated the human creativity and intentionality related to individual's lives.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
Solution:

Structuralism assumes that there are social and cultural structures within society and that those shape individual acting, thinking and talking so structuralism doesn't focus on the individual motive and interpretation of things, but on material and symbolic structures which function. D. Saussure was founder of structuralism. According to Ferdinand structural methods can be applied in sociology, psychology and even in Architecture

89. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Landscapes dominated by a collection of folk customs change relatively little over time, whereas modern communications facilitate frequent changes in popular customs.
Reason (R): Folk culture is more likely to vary from time to time at a given place where as popular culture is more likely to vary from place to place at a given time.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
Solution:

Carl Sauer discussed concept of 'Landscape' in his book "The Morphology of landscape. He used word "Landscape" in place of German word Landshaft. he believed that Landscape dominated by a collection of folk customs change relatively little over facilitate frequent changes in popular customs. There is very little possibility to vary folk culture in given time period. Hence option (c) is correct answer.

90. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Insular countries are geopolitically powerful states.
Reason (R): Geographical location, advantage of navigational facilities and access to resources are the unique advantages of insular countries.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
Solution:

Insular countries are geopolitically powerful states. Increasing significance of Indo-pacific region in defense and economy attracted America, Russia, China, Australia, Japan and Indonesia towards it. In Diego Garcia America established naval Base. Geographical location, advantage of navigational facilities and Access to resources are unique advantages of insular countries.