NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, December 2023 (Anthropology)

Total Questions: 100

11. In which of the bone 'conoid tubercle' is present?

Correct Answer: C. Clavicle
Solution:Conoid tubercle is present on the clavicle. This bony prominence is located on the inferior surface of the clavicle near its lateral end. It serves as the attachment point for the conoid ligament, which is part of the coracoclavicular ligament.

The radius and ulna are bones in the forearm and do not have this feature. The scapula, although connected to the clavicle, does not have a conoid tubercle. Therefore, the conoid tubercle is specifically a feature of the clavicle.

12. Which of the following sites is not associated with the fossil remains of Homo erectus?

Correct Answer: D. Amud
Solution:Amud isis not not associated with the fossil remains of Homo erectus. Amud Cave in Israel is known for the remains of Neanderthals, not Homo erectus. Olduvai Gorge, Sambungmacan, and Gongwangling are significant sites where Homo erectus fossils have been discovered.

Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania has yielded numerous Homo erectus fossils. Sambungmacan in Java, Indonesia, and Gongwangling in China are also important Homo erectus sites. Thus, Amud is incorrectly associated with Homo erectus in this context.

13. Which among the following is not the job of a genetic counsellor?

Correct Answer: C. To provide therapeutic support
Solution:Providing therapeutic support is not the job of a genetic counsellor. Genetic counsellors help identify families at risk for genetic conditions, analyze family history and inheritance patterns, and provide information about genetic testing and related procedures.

Their role is primarily educational and advisory, helping families understand their genetic risks and make informed decisions. Therapeutic support, which involves treatment and management of conditions, is typically the responsibility of medical doctors and other healthcare professionals, not genetic counsellors.

14. According to the classification of Н.Н. Risley of the Indian populations, which of the group does not represent the ScythoDravidian?

Correct Answer: C. Paniyans
Solution:Paniyans do not represent the ScythoDravidian group according to H.H. Risley's classification of Indian populations. The Scytho-Dravidian group includes populations with mixed Scythian (Central Asian) and Dravidian (South Indian) ancestry. Maratha Brahmins, Coorgis, and Kunbis are considered part of this group due to their historical and genetic backgrounds.

Paniyans, an indigenous tribal group in Kerala, have different ancestral origins and are not classified within the ScythoDravidian group.

15. In the year 1976, Phyllis Eveleth and J.M. Tanner authored the book 'World Wide Variation in Human Growth'. The book is based on detailed descriptions of growth in populations from, or descended from:

Correct Answer: A. Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and America
Solution:The book "World Wide Variation in Human Growth" by Phyllis Eveleth and J.M. Tanner is based on detailed descriptions of growth in populations from, or descended from, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and America.

The authors conducted comprehensive studies on human growth patterns across various regions, considering the diverse genetic and environmental factors influencing growth. This extensive research provides a broad understanding of human growth variability. Options B, C, and D exclude some of these regions and are therefore incorrect.

16. Focus group discussions are conducted in anthropological studies to :

Correct Answer: D. To arrive at the range of variation in the response of the group
Solution:Focus group discussions in anthropological studies are conducted to arrive at the range of variation in the response of the group. These discussions involve participants sharing their views on specific topics, allowing researchers to gather diverse perspectives and identify common themes.

While focus groups can help establish rapport and sometimes reach consensus, their primary purpose is to explore the diversity of opinions and experiences within the group. They are not typically used as substitutes for Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) or Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) methods.

17. A study that attempts to derive general propositions that will hold for a number of cases rather than one case is called:

Correct Answer: B. Nomothetic
Solution:A study that attempts to derive general propositions that will hold for a number of cases rather than one case is called nomothetic. Nomothetic research aims to establish general laws and principles applicable across multiple cases, focusing on commonalities rather than individual uniqueness.

Ideographic research, in contrast, focuses on in-depth understanding of single cases. Extended case studies and hypothetico-deductive methods also differ in their approaches and objectives. Thus, nomothetic research is correctly characterized by its generalizing aim.

18. Kumbapettai village in Tanjore district of Tamil Nadu was studied by:

Correct Answer: D. Kathleen Gough
Solution:Kumbapettai village in Tanjore district of Tamil Nadu was studied by Kathleen Gough. Her anthropological research focused on the social and economic structures of the village, providing valuable insights into the lives of its inhabitants.

Alan Beals, Andre Beteille, and John P. Mencher conducted significant studies in other regions or contexts, making Kathleen Gough the correct answer for the researcher who studied Kumbapettai village.

19. Pre-testing and pilot study are important components of research design. These are important for enhancing the:

Correct Answer: B. Validity of the research tools
Solution:Pre-testing and pilot studies are important components of research design for enhancing the validity of the research tools. Pre-testing involves trying out the research instruments on a small sample to identify and correct any issues before the main study.

Pilot studies are smallscale preliminary studies that help refine the research design, methods, and tools. These steps ensure that the instruments accurately measure what they are intended to measure, thereby increasing the validity of the research. Reliability, objectivity, and falsifiability are also important, but validity is directly related to the effectiveness of the research tools.

20. Scarlet Epstein conducted a study that involved :

Correct Answer: A. Impact of irrigation facility on socioeconomic life of village
Solution:Scarlet Epstein conducted a study on the impact of irrigation facilities on the socio-economic life of a village. Her research explored how access to irrigation influenced agricultural practices, income levels, and overall quality of life in rural communities.

This focus on irrigation distinguishes her work from studies on rehabilitation of displaced persons, excise policies, or community development programs, which were not the subjects of her research. Thus, the correct context for her study is the socio-economic impact of irrigation facilities.