NTA UGC NET-JRF EXAM, December 2023 Paper II (HOME SCIENCE)

The correct answer from the options given below is:
The important function of good packaging.
To preserve the quality and freshness of food products: Food packaging helps to protect food from physical, chemical, and biological influences that can lead to spoilage or degradation. It can prevent exposure to air, moisture, light, and microorganisms, thus extending the shelf life of the product and maintaining its quality and freshness.
To provide information about the food products to the consumers: Packaging serves as a means to convey essential information to consumers, including nutritional facts, ingredients, allergen warnings, storage instructions, expiration dates, and manufacturer details.
This information helps consumers make informed decisions about the products they purchase and consume. To promote the food product: Packaging plays a crucial role in marketing and promoting food products. It serves as a visual cue to attract consumers’ attention and differentiate the product from competitors. Packaging design, colors, logos, and branding elements help to create brand recognition and influence consumer purchasing decisions.

Correct order of than of work-
♦ Collecting and Analysing the data.
♦ Determining need and defining the problem.
♦ Selection of problem and determining the priorities.
♦ Planning and carrying out plan of work.
♦ Checking evaluation and reviews the programme and reconsider the new plans.

Correct match is
1. Godet: In the context of clothing and fashion, a godet refers to a triangular piece of fabric that is inserted into a garment, typically in a skirt or dress, to add fullness or flare. Godets are often used to create a flared or flowing silhouette, especially in skirts or dresses that narrow toward the hemline.
2. Gusset: A gusset is a small piece of fabric, often triangular or rectangular in shape, that is inserted into a seam or corner of a garment to add strength, shape, or flexibility. Gussets are commonly used in areas of stress or movement, such as the underarms of shirts or the crotch area of pants, to enhance durability and
comfort.
3. Peplum: A peplum is a short, flared, or ruffled piece of fabric that is attached at the waistline of a garment, such as a top, dress, or jacket. The peplum extends outward from the waist, often creating a flattering silhouette by accentuating the waistline and adding volume to the hips or lower torso. Peplums can vary in length and fullness, ranging from subtle flares to dramatic ruffles.
4. Gores: Gores are triangular or tapered pieces of fabric that are used to add width or fullness to a garment, particularly in skirts or dresses. Gores are inserted into seams and distributed around the circumference of the garment, allowing for ease of movement and creating a flared or flowing silhouette. They are often used in conjunction with
other shaping techniques to achieve desired styles and fits.

The stages of work curve in sequence are:-
B. Warming up
A. Plateau of greatest production
E. Decline in output
C. Rest period
D. Peak load
This order suggests the typical progression of work performance, starting with warming up, reaching the plateau of greatest production, followed by a decline in output, a rest period, and finally reaching the peak load.

Learning is more likely to occur if the learning experiences are repeated with meaning and intense and vivid.
• Repeated with meaning: When learning experiences are repeated, it allows for reinforcement and consolidation of knowledge. However, repetition alone may not suffice. Meaningful repetition, where learners understand the concepts and the context behind the repetition, helps in encoding information into long-term memory and facilitates better retention and application of knowledge.
• Intense and vivid: Intense and vivid learning experiences capture learners’ attention and engagement. These experiences tend to be more memorable and impactful because they stimulate multiple senses and emotions, making the learning process more immersive. Intense and vivid experiences create stronger neural connections, facilitating better comprehension and retention of information.
Therefore, combining meaningful repetition with intense and vivid learning experiences maximizes the likelihood of effective learning and knowledge retention.

The extension programs launched in India before independence along with their implementation years are:
- Gurgaon Experiment: Implemented in the 1920s.
- Indian Village Services: Launched in 1940.
- Shanti Niketan Project: Started in the early 1940s. The extension programs launched in India after independence are:
- Community Development Programme: Initiated in 1952.
- Integrated Rural Development Programme Implemented in 1978.

The order of life span development from earliest to latest typically follows:
1. Prenatal period : This is the time from conception to birth.
2. Infancy: This stage begins at birth and extends through the first two years of life.
3. Childhood: It follows infancy and extends to the onset of puberty.
4. Adolescence: This stage typically begins with the onset of puberty and extends into the late teens or early twenties.
5. Senescence: This refers to the aging process, including physical, cognitive, and social changes that occur as people grow older. It starts in late adulthood and continues until death.

The correct sequence for the entrepreneurial process is :
1. (C) Brainstorming and exploration
2. (D) Idea generation
3. (E) Opportunity evaluation
4. (A) Company formation/ execution
5. (B) Growth

Adopting eco-friendly methods and using biodegradable substances can indeed help in conserving natural resources and reducing chemical landfill by minimizing the environmental impact of textile and garment production processes. Biodegradable dyes typically avoid the use of heavy metals, amines, and inorganic salts, making them less harmful to the environment and more easily decomposable.

In flat pattern making, drafting is the process of creating a pattern from scratch using measurements and calculations. It’s about transferring measurements onto paper without relying on pre-existing patterns. The other principles—Dart Manipulation, Added Fullness, and Body Contouring—involve shaping, adjusting, and adding fabric to create garments that fit and flatter the body. Drafting sets the initial pattern, while the other principles refine and customize it. Therefore, drafting isn’t considered as one of the principles of flat pattern making.