NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, January 2025 (Commerce)

Total Questions: 100

1. Which one of the following is not the behavioural factor of the customer profile involved in tactical targeting?

Correct Answer: B. Income
Solution:Income is not a behavioural factor in customer profiling for tactical targeting. Behavioural factors typically include aspects such as purchase frequency, purchase quantity, and price sensitivity, which relate to how customers interact with products and make purchasing decisions. Income, however, is a demographic factor that classifies customers based on financial capability rather than their purchasing behaviour.

2. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Product Life Cycle (PLC) Stage)List-II (Distribution Strategy)
(a) IntroductionI. Phase out unprofitable outlets
(b) GrowthII. Build Selective distribution
(c) MaturityIII. Build intensive distribution
(d) DeclineIV. Build more intensive distribution

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: C.
Solution:(a) Introduction - II. Build Selective Distribution: In the introduction stage of the Product Life Cycle (PLC), selective distribution is used to carefully control product availability and target specific market segments.
(b) Growth - III. Build Intensive Distribution: As the product gains acceptance, businesses expand distribution to maximize reach and increase market penetration.
(c) Maturity - IV. Build More Intensive Distribution: In this stage, companies further increase distribution to maintain sales and market share against competitors.
(d) Decline - I. Phase Out Unprofitable Outlets: As sales decline, businesses reduce distribution efforts by closing unprofitable outlets and focusing on cost management.

3. Arrange the following management research questions in the ascending order.

(a) Management Question
(b) Measurement Question
(c) Management Dilemma
(d) Research Question
(e) Investigative Question
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: B. (c), (a), (d), (e), (b)
Solution:(c) Management Dilemma: The first step is recognizing a problem or opportunity that needs to be addressed.
(a) Management Question: This is a broad question derived from the dilemma that guides managerial decision-making.
(d) Research Question: The management question is further refined into a research question, specifying the focus of study.
(e) Investigative Question: These are detailed questions that break down the research question into measurable components.
(b) Measurement Question: The final step involves formulating precise questions for data collection, ensuring quantifiable analysis.

4. Determine the P/V ratio from the following particulars.

Total Fixed Cost12,000
Actual Sales48,000
Margin of Safety 8,000

Correct Answer: C. 30%
Solution:To calculate the P/V (Profit/Volume) ratio, we use the formula:

5. The Consumer Protection Act came into force first on:

Correct Answer: C. 24 December, 1986

6. Quasi contracts are based on the doctrine of:

Correct Answer: A. Unjust enrichment

7. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Personality Type)List-II (Congruent Occupation)
(a) SocialI. Mechanic
(b) ConventionalII. Mathematician
(c) InvestigativeIII. Corporate Manager
(d) RealisticIV. Teacher

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: A.
Solution:(a) Social - IV. Teacher: Social personality types are people-oriented and enjoy helping others, making teaching a suitable profession.
(b) Conventional III. Corporate Manager: Conventional types prefer structured tasks and organization, aligning with managerial roles.
(c) Investigative - II. Mathematician: Investigative personalities are analytical and prefer problem-solving. making them suitable for researchbased roles like mathematicians.
(d) Realistic -I. Mechanic: Realistic personalities prefer hands-on and practical work, fitting occupations like mechanics.

8. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Conflict Handling Intentions)List-II (Description)
(a) CompetingI. A situation in which each party in a conflict desires to satisfy fully the concerns of all parties.
(b) CollaboratingII. The willingness of one party in a conflict to place the negotiating partners interest above their own.
(c) AccommodatingIII. A situation in which each party to a conflict is willing to give up something to resolve the conflict.
(d) CompromisingIV. A desire to satisfy one's interests regardless of the impact on the other party to the conflict.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: C.
Solution:(a) Competing - IV. A desire to satisfy one's interests regardless of the impact on the other party to the conflict: In competing, individuals focus on winning without concern for others' interests.
(b) Collaborating - I. A situation in which each party in a conflict desires to satisfy fully the concerns of all parties: Collaboration. seeks a winwin resolution where both parties interests are met.
(c) Accommodating - III. A situation in which each party to a conflict is willing to give up something to resolve the conflict: Accommodation involves one party sacrificing their position to maintain harmony.
(d) Compromising - II. The willingness of one party in a conflict to place the negotiating partner's interest above their own: Compromise involves mutual concessions for conflict resolution.

9. Which of the following are True for a random variable?

(a) A random variable is a certain quantity, whose value depends on chance.
(b) A continuous random variable can assume at most two countable number of values.
(c) A discrete random variable can assume at most a countable number of values.
(d) A random variables is a function of the simple space.
(e) A random variables is a uncertain quantity, whose value depends on chance.
Choose the correct answer from the options  given below:

Correct Answer: D. (c), (d), (e) only
Solution:(c) A discrete random variable can assume at most a countable number of values: A discrete random variable takes on distinct values, often finite or countably infinite.
(d) A random variable is a function of the sample space: A random variable assigns numerical values to outcomes in the sample space.
(e) A random variable is an uncertain quantity, whose value depends on chance: Since random variables represent outcomes of experiments, their values are uncertain and determined probabilistically.

10. Which of the following is a non-probability method of selecting sample from a population?

Correct Answer: D. SnowBall Sampling
Solution:Snowball sampling is a non-probability sampling technique where existing study subjects recruit future subjects from their acquaintances. It is commonly used when the target population is hard to reach, such as in social research on marginalized groups. Unlike probability sampling, this method does not give every individual an equal chance of selection.