NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam., June 2020 Sociology (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

21. Who used reflexive critique in his engagement with Kantian philosophy?

Correct Answer: (c) Hegel
Solution:This is a study of Hegel's Critique of Kant's theoretical philosophy. This study presents in a sympathetic light Hegel's claim to derive from certain Kantian doctrines clues to a superior form of idealism, a form of idealism that better captures the nature of our cognitive powers and their relation to objects.

22. Who has systematically undertaken the influence of politics on science in his study of sociology of science?

Correct Answer: (c) R.K. Merton
Solution:Robert King Merton has systematically undertaken the influence of politics on science in his study of sociology of science. Mertonian norms are the four norms of good scientific research first introduced by the American sociologist, Robert K. Merton. These norms are communism, universalism, disinterestedness, and organized skepticism.

23. Who was the first to use the word “falsifiability” in the context of social science?

Correct Answer: (d) Karl Popper
Solution:The Austrian philosopher and scientist Karl Popper (1902-1994) introduced the concept of falsifiability in his writings on the demarcation problem, which explored the difficulty of separating science from pseudo-science. Karl Papper proposed the Theory of Falsification in his book 'The Logic of Scientific Discovery'. He believed that, "the criterion of the scientific status of a theory is it's falsibility or refutability, or testability." Popper developed the 'hypothetico- deductive method' to reconcile inductive reasoning with deductive reasoning.

24. Hermenutic project in debates is related to realism and –––––

Correct Answer: (b) Anti-realism
Solution:Hermeneutic project in debates is related to realism and anti-realism. Scientific realists believe both what a scientific theory says about observables and unobservables. In contrast, scientific antirealists believe what a scientific theory says about observables, but not about unobservables.

25. Which term was used by Kuhn to state that science at any given time as being dominated by a specifice

Correct Answer: (a) Paradigm
Solution:Kuhn in his influential work The Structure Scientific Revolutions (1962), Thomas Kuhn on Paradigms in Science. A Paradigm is a global organizing model or theory with great explanatory power. An immature science is preparadigmatic that is, it is still in its natural history phase of competing schools. Slowly, a science matures and becomes paradigmatic.

26. The Doctoral thesis of Dr. Ambedkar is entitled as:

Correct Answer: (d) The problem of Rupee: Its origin and its solution
Solution:Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar thesis was on "The Problem of Rupee: Its origin and its solution". In 1923, he completed a D.Sc. in Economics which was awarded from University of London, and the same year he was called to the Bar by Gray's Inn.

27. Among the following which book is not written by M.N. Srinivas?

Correct Answer: (a) India’s Changing Villages
Solution:India's Changing Villages is written by S.C. Dube, published in 1998, a valuable contribution to the field of sociology and social policy.

His other major writings are:
(1) India's Villages (1955)
(2) Social Change in Modern India (1963)
(3) The Remembered Village (1978).

28. Who said that tribals should be assimilated into Hindu caste?

Correct Answer: (b) G.S. Ghurye
Solution:Govind Sadashiv Ghurye said that the tribals should be assimilated into the Hindu caste. Tribes constitute a significant part of the Indian population. G.S. Ghurye noted with anxiety that some anthropologists and British administrators advocated a policy of isolation for the tribals. They asserted that the separate identity of the tribal should be maintained at any cost.

29. Who is the author of Yuganta: The End of an Epoch”?

Correct Answer: (c) Irawati Karve
Solution:Yuganta : The End of an Epoch is a book written by anthropologist Irawati Karve. It is called Yuganta for short. It is a critical analysis of the Mahabharata.

Her major writings are:
• Kinship Organization in India (1953)
• The Bhils of West Khandesh (1958)
• Hindu Society: An Interpretation (1961;1968)
• Group Relations in Village Community (1963)
• The Social Dynamics of a Growing Town and Its Surrounding Area (1965)
• Maharashtra: Land and People (1968)

30. Who was the first one to use case materials in his comparative studies of different cultures?

Correct Answer: (c) Herbert Spencer
Solution:Herbert Spencer was the first to use case materials in his comparative study of different cultures. Dr. William Healy resorted to this method in his study of Juvenile delinquency, and considered it as a better method over and above the mere use of statistical data.