NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam., June 2020 Sociology (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

81. Arrange the works of G.S. Ghurye chronologically:

A. Two Brahamanical Institutions: Gotra and charan
B. Religious consciousness
C. Social Tensions in India
D. Indian Sadhus
E. Mahadev Kolis

Choose the sequence from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A. E. C. B. D
Solution:The following works of G.S. Ghurye are given in chronological order below :

• Two Brahamanical Institutions : Gotra and Charan - 1972
• Mahadev Kolis - 1957
• Social Tensions in India - 1968
• Religious consciousness - 1965
• Indian Sandus - 1953

82. Arrange the following in a sequence according to the scheme given by Merton?

A. Observation of facts
B. Analysis of observed facts
C. Theory Building
D. Generalization
E. Conceptualization

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A. B. E. D. C
Solution:As per the sequence given by Robert King Merton regarding the steps in social research, a researcher observes facts and then collects the data. In the next step, he analysis the collected facts by following steps such as editing, coding and classification. He then creates a concept through his study and findings. Next, he generalizes according to his result and then lastly, he builds a theory.

83. Find the chronological sequence of the following.

A. Implementation of Panchayat Raj
B. Integrated Rural Development Programme
C. Reservation of seats in Village Panchayats
D. Community Development Programme

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) D. A. B. C
Solution:• Community Development Programme was a socioeconomic programme initiated in the year 1952. The programme aimed at development and re-construction of the rural society. • Panchayat Raj system is a rural local self - government introduced in India with the introduction of the 73rd Constitutional amendment in 1992.
• Integrated Rural Development Programme was launched by the government of India in 1980. This programme helps in providing employment opportunities to the poor communities and also opportunities to develop their skills so as to improve their living conditions.
• Reservation of seats in Village Panchayats was given under the 73rd amendment act of 1992 under article 243 D which says that seats shall be reserved for both the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.

84. Arrange the following cities according to their ranking in cleanliness given by Ministry of Urban Development on the basis of cleanliness index, 2017.

A. Surat
B. Bhopal
C. Indore
D. Vishakhapatnam

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) C. B. D and A
Solution:Under the Swachh Survekshan Programme held on 2017 under the Ministry of Urban Development, the following cleanest cities in India are ranked as follow:-
(1) Indore, Madhya Pradesh
(2) Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
(3) Vishakapatnam, Andhra Pradesh and
(4) Surat, Gujrat.

85. Choose the correct sequence of the stages of demographic transition.

A. High fertility and High mortality
B. High fertility and Low mortality
C. Low fertility and Low mortality
D. Low fertility and High mortality

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A. B. C only
Solution:In demography, demographic transition is a Phenomenon which refers to a historical shift from high fertility and high mortality to high fertility and mortality and then family to low birth rate and low death rate.

86. Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R:

Assertion (A) : The prevailing mode of development through industrialization and obsession with infinite growth has impaired eco-system.
Reasons (R) : Obsession with growth without limits has overstrained the natural resource base.

In the light of the above statements. choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Solution:Environment has been one of the basic concerns of human society since its very inception with growing industrialization, need for improvement in one's economy and the competition among nations to reach the top hierarchy in development, sustainable usage of resources are being ignored and as such, our ecosystem is being hampered. Hence, both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

87. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion (A) : Objectivity in social science research can be maintained to some extent.
Reasons (R) : Objectivity gives the account of the external world as it exists independently of our conceptions. but social world cannot be observed from outside alone.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
Solution:Objectivity refers to the quality of looking at a situation accurately and being free from bias and prejudice which is an essential component of research. In social research, objectivity can be maintained to some extent from the way the researcher find things externally but the researcher should also inquire and understand the internal meaning or the cause of his study for he is dealing with social beings as his subject. Hence, both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

88. Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion (A) : The Preamble of the Constitution seeks to spread fraternity among all Indians.
Reasons (R) : The Preamble of the constitution of India guarantees to all citizens of India. Social. Economic and Political Justice.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Correct Answer: (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
Solution:The Preamble is an introductory statement of an act or legislation which tells us about its purpose, philosophy, it uses, ideas and aspirations, principles and objectives. The preamble of India was adopted by the constituent Assembly in 1949. The preamble seeks to promote fraternity among all by assuring the dignity of the nations. Hence both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

89. Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion (A) : To Merton. Middle range theory is concerned with a limited range of data.
Reasons (R) : In the sociological work of the few past decades there has been much less concern with the construction of all-embracing theories.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) Both (A) and (R) are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A/j
Solution:Robert Merton emphasized the idea of middle range in his work "On Sociological Theories of the Middle Range." This theory is concerned with limited range of data or numbers of variables, each having limited scope. This means that a middle range theory does not refer to a specific theory, but is rather an approach to theory construction. Hence, both (A) and (B) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

90. Given below are two statements : One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion (A) : In Sociology we use the method of indirect experiment, that is, comparative method.
Reasons (R) : In natural sciences, the establishment of causal connection is facilitated by experiment, but such experiments are impossible in social science.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Solution:As said by Emile Durkheim in sociology we generally use indirect experiment or comparative method because in science we can use direct experiment but such facilities of direct experiment cannot be implemented in social sciences because in social science, we deal with people and not things or objects. Hence, both (A) and (R) is true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).