NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam., June 2021 Sociology (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

11. According to R. Wallis, the three broad categories: World-affirming, World-rejecting and World-accomodating movements are associated with which of the following?

Correct Answer: (c) New religious movements
Solution:According to Roy Wallis, the three broad categories: World-affirming, World-rejecting and World-accommodating movements are associated with new religious movements. Wallis, Roy (1945-90) A British sociologist of religion, whose more general writings include notable studies of social movements (particularly moral crusades), and of the place of actors motivational accounts in sociological analysis. In a subsequent study of contemporary sectarianism (The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life, 1984), Wallis offered a tripartite typology of new religious movements, distinguishing between 'Worldrejecting', 'World-affirming' and 'World-accommodating' types.

12. Which of the three primary models of ethnic integration are adopted by multi-ethnic societies?

A. Acculturation
B. Assimilation
C. Salad-bowl model
D. Melting pot
E. Cultural Pluralism

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) B, D and E only
Solution:There are three primary models of ethnic integration that have been adopted by multi-ethnic societies in relation to these challenges: assimilation, the melting pot and finally, cultural pluralism or multiculturalism. It is important to realize that these three models are ideal types, and in practice are not easy to achieve.

13. The concept of Habits as a basis for a cultural approach to structural inequality with a focus on the embodiment of cultural representation in human habits and routines was originally used by:

Correct Answer: (b) Norbert Elias
Solution:In his two-volume set of book, The Civilising Process, Elias describes habitus, the habits and structures created by social structures, in particular how European etiquette around eating, sexual behavior, and so on developed outwards from royal courts, policed through a systems such as shaming. Habitus is in the non-discursive aspects of culture that bind people into groups, including unspoken habits and patterns of behavior as well as styles and skill in body techniques.

14. According to P.M. Kolenda, which family types were not discussed for a comparative evaluation?

A. Single person household
B. Sub-nuclear family
C. Juvenile family
D. Supplemented sub-nuclear family
E. Singular family

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) C and E only
Solution:According to P.M. Kolenda, Juvenile family and singular family types were not discussed for a comparative evaluation. Pauline kolenda (1968) classified various types of families into twelve types:
1. Nuclear family
2. Supplemented nuclear family
3. Sub-nuclear family
4. Single-person household
5. Supplemented sub-nuclear family
6. Collateral joint family
7. Supplemented collateral joint family
8. Lineal joint family
9. Supplemented lineal joint family
10. Lineal-collateral joint family
11. Supplemented lineal-collateral joint family and
12. Other (the types that were not sufficiently defined by the studies to classify them under the above eleven types of families).

15. According to new ideas in the industry:

Correct Answer: (a) Human work is no longer considered as a pure economic activity
Solution:According to new ideas in the industry human work is no longer considered as a pure economic activity and worker is not supposed to work only for the sake of wages.

16. A megacity is one whose population is

Correct Answer: (b) 10 million or more
Solution:Megacities have been defined by the United Nations as cities with more than million inhabitants. The broader definition of a city is more difficult to establish as such area is sometimes referred to as "city proper", "urban agglomeration", or "metropolitan area." Each of these distinctions has important implications for designating urban boundaries, which consequently affects how the population size is determined.

Top five mega cities in India:
1. Delhi
2. Mumbai
3. Kolkata
4. Chennai
5. Bengaluru

17. If nephews and nieces are brought up in their maternal uncle's family, the arrangement is referred to as

Correct Answer: (a) Avunculocal residence
Solution:Avunculate, relationship between a man and his sister's children, particularly her sons, that prevails in many societies. The term is derived from the Latin avunculus, meaning "uncle". It typically involves for the maternal uncle a measure of authority over his nephews and sometimes his nieces, coupled with specific responsibilities in their upbringing, initiation and marriage. These children, in turn, often enjoy special rights to their uncle's property, often taking precedence in inheritance over the uncle's children.

18. Who is the author of "Myth and Meaning"?

Correct Answer: (c) Claude Levi-Strauss
Solution:Claude Levi- Strauss is the author of 'Myth and Meaning'. In this book he made a remarkable statement, "I therefore claim to show, not how men think in Myths, but how myths operate in men's minds without their being aware of the facts." In this book he proposed structuralist view of mythology. According to him, "Myth is language, functioning on an especially high level where meaning succeeds practically at "talking off" from the linguistic ground on which it keeps rolling."

19. Which book on research methodology was written by Emile Durkheim that is considered one of his first works?

Correct Answer: (d) Rules of Sociological Method
Solution:Rules of Sociological Method is a book by Emile Durkheim, first published in 1895. It is recognized as being the direct result of Durkheim's own project of establishing sociology as a positivist social science. The Rules of Sociological Method represents Emile Durkheim's manifesto for sociology. He argues forcefully for the objective, scientific, and methodological underpinnings of sociology as a discipline and establishes guiding principles for future research.

20. Which one of the following is NOT correct according to Marx?

Correct Answer: (b) Life activity and productive life for labour is to maintain a luxurious life
Solution:According to Marx, life activity and productive life for labour is to maintain a luxurious life. This statement is not correct.

The labor theory of ralue is a major pillar of traditional Marxian economics, which is evident in Marx's masterpiece, Capital (1867). The theory's basic claim is simple : the value of a commodity can be objectively measured by the average number of labor hours required to produce that commodity.