NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam., June 2021 Sociology (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

51. Give the correct chronological sequence of the works of B.R. Ambedkar.

A. Who Were the Shudras?
B. Annihilation of Caste.
C. Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development.
D. The Untouchables: Who Were They and Why They Became Untouchable

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

Correct Answer: (c) C, B, A, D
Solution:Chronological sequence of the works of B.R. Ambedkar.

(1) Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development - 9 May 1916
(2) Annihilation of caste - 15 May 1936
(3) Who Were the Shudras? - 1946
(4) The Untouchables: Who Were They and Why They Became Untouchable - 1948

52. Match List I with List II

List-I (Thinkers)List-II (Works)
A. Radha Kamal MukherjiI. Buddha and Karl Marx
B. G.S. GhuryeII. Village, Caste, Gender and Method
C. B.R. AmbedkarIII. The Land Problems of India
D. M.N. SrinivasIV. Social Tensions in India
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Code:ABCD
(a)IIVIIIII
(b)IIIVIIII
(c)IIIIVIII
(d)IVIIIIII
Correct Answer: (c)
Solution:
List-I (Thinkers)List-II (Works)
A. Radha Kamal MukherjiIII. The Land Problems of India
B. G.S. GhuryeIV. Social Tensions in India
C. B.R. AmbedkarI. Buddha and Karl Marx
D. M.N. SrinivasII. Village, Caste, Gender and Method

53. A Hindu marriage ceremony consists of a series of ritual performances, Which are:

A. Kanyadan
B. Prajapatya
C. Vivaha-havan
D. Pani-grahan
E. Sapta-padi

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A, C, D and E only
Solution:A Hindu Marriage ceremony consists of a series of ritual performances are Kanyadan, vivahahavan, pani-grahan and Sapta-padi.

• Kanyadan- 'Kanyadan' or 'the giving away of the bride' is a popular Hindu ritual where the father of the bride 'gives away' his daughter.
• Vivaha Havan- The Hindu matrimanial cermony is one of the most sacred religious rites. During this ceremony, the 'Vivaha Havan' is performed to create an air of divinity and purity.
• Pani Grahan- In which the bride's right hand is grasped by the bridegroom.
• Sapta Padi- The rite of seven steps in which the bridegroom leads the bride seven steps towards the north amidst the utterance of mantras.

54. The reasoning which proceeds from a general truth to a particular truth is called:

Correct Answer: (a) Deductive
Solution:The reasoning which proceeds from a general truth to a particular truth is called Deductive. Deductive reasoning starts with the assertion of a general rule and proceeds from there to a guaranteed specific conclusion. Deductive reasoning moves from the general rule to the specific application: In deductive reasoning, if the original assertions are true, then the conclusion must also be true.

55. Of the following, what are the causes of the weakening of the Nation-State?

A. Rise of post-national membership
B. Increasing significance of transnational corporations
C. Decrease of political interest in the rights of 'first nations'
D. The growing strength of supranational institutions
E. Smooth process of governance

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A, B and D only
Solution:Rise of post-national membership, increasing significance of transnational corporations and the growing strength of supranational institutions are the cause of the weakening of the Nation-State. Globalization alone is not causing the decline of the nation-state not a single 'trend' is able to reduce the power of the most important actor in the international system. Globalization is causing network, which are not national or international, but transnational and global.

56. Who defined class as 'when a number of people have in common, a specific causal component of their life chances'?

Correct Answer: (d) Max Weber
Solution:Max Weber defined class as "When a number of people have in common, a specific causal component of their life chances." That is, a group of people in a similar situation so that they have their life chances determined more or less in common, by some factor that strongly affects this.

The ownership or non-ownership of property is one factor that affects life chances. For example, the wealth, income and property of two people may be similar, and this tends to imply a similar, outcome to their actions.

57. According to Durkheim, it is possible to make the claim of being Science, as systematization, classification and offering explanation on the basis of which of the following?

Correct Answer: (a) Externality
Solution:One of the most important characteristics of a social fact is Externality, according to Durkheim. Externality means that the social fact exists outside the individual and coming into existence as a part of the autonomous development of society. Thus, any social fact should be developed on its own (Say religion, which has a long process of evolution.)

58. The Exchange Theory was propounded and/or advanced by which one of the following sociologists?

A. B. Malinowski
B. P.M. Blau
C. A.R. Radcliffe Brown
D. G. Homans
E. Talcott Parsons

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A, B and D
Solution:The Exchange Theory was propounded and advanced by B. Malinowski, P.M. Blau and G.Homans. Homans was an important influence on Blau's work. Blau argued that such interaction is shaped by a reciprocal exchange of rewards, both tangible and intangible (like Homans).

Malinowski found that handmade necklaces and bracelets were traded in opposite directions in a geographic ring among the various islands in the region. Thus, these exchanges had ceremonial and symbolic significance for the community. His famous book 'Argonauts of the Western Pacific', exchange system called Potlatch.

59. Arrange the writings of Durkheim in chronological order

A. Moral Education
B. The Division of Labour
C. The Rules of Sociological Method
D. Suicide
E. The Elementary Forms of The Religious Life

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) B, C, D, E, A
Solution:The writings of Durkheim is chronological order -
(i) The Division of Labour (1893)
(ii) The Rules of Sociological Method (1895)
(iii) Suicide (1897)
(iv) The Elementary Forms of The Religious Life (1912)
(v) Moral Education (1925)

60. Given below are two statements

Statement I: According to A. Van Gennep, a direct rite is a curse or a spell.
Statement II: Direct rites are designed to produce results immediately, without intervention by any outside agent.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Correct Answer: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
Solution:A direct rite, for instance, a curse or spell, is designed to produce results immediately, without intervention by any outside agent. On the other hand, an indirect rite, a vow or a prayer or religious service, is a kind of initial blow which sets into motion some autonomous or personified power, such as demon, a group of Jinn, or a deity, who intervences on behalf of the performer of the site. Here it is important to note that the effect of a direct rite is automatic; that of an indirect rite comes from a repercussion. Rites of separation are prominent in funeral ceremonies, write of incorporation at marriages and transition rites in pregnancy, betrathal and initiation.
Both statement I and Statement II are correct.