NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, June 2023 (Anthropology)

Total Questions: 100

21. The surface where the hammer hits a stone is called:

Correct Answer: C. Striking platform
Solution:The striking platform is the surface where the hammer hits the stone during the process of flint knapping. This platform is carefully prepared to ensure that the force applied by the hammerstone is effectively transmitted to the core, resulting in the detachment of a flake.

The positive bulb of percussion refers to the bulge on the ventral surface of a flake, while the negative bulb is the corresponding depression on the core. Flake scars are the marks left on the core after flakes are removed. Therefore, the striking platform is the correct term for the surface where the hammer hits the stone.

22. It one strand of DNA has the sequence A-A-C-T-G-T-G. what will be the nucleotide sequence of the complementary strand?

Correct Answer: D. T-T-G-A-C-A-С
Solution:The complementary strand of DNA pairs with the original strand according to the base-pairing rules: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). Given the sequence A-A-C-TG-T-G on one strand, the complementary strand will have the sequence T-T-G-A-CA-C.

The sequences provided in options A and B are incorrect because they either repeat the original sequence or include uracil (U), which is found in RNA, not DNA. Option C does not match the complementary base-pairing rules. Therefore, the correct nucleotide sequence of the complementary strand is T-T-G-A-C-A-С.

23. Who among the following are the specialists in human osteology?

(a) Archaeologist
(b) Bio-archaeologist
(c) Forensic Palynologist
(d) Forensic Anthropologist
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: D. (b) and (d) only
Solution:Specialists in human osteology include bio-archaeologists and forensic anthropologists. Bio-archaeologists study human remains from archaeological sites to understand past populations, health, and lifestyle. Forensic anthropologists apply osteological methods to legal cases, identifying human remains and determining causes of death.

Archaeologists may study human remains, but their focus is broader, encompassing all aspects of past human societies. Forensic palynologists specialize in pollen analysis, not bones. Thus, the correct answer is bio-archaeologists and forensic anthropologists, excluding archaeologists and forensic palynologists.

24. Who among the following worked on Tribal Movements?

(a) B.K. Roy-Burman
(b) Martin Orans
(c) Dharani Sen
(d) L.K. Mahapatra
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: A. (a), (b) and (d) only
Solution:B.K. Roy-Burman, Martin Orans, and L.K. Mahapatra have all worked on tribal movements. B.K. Roy-Burman has contributed extensively to the understanding of tribal development and policy. Martin Orans has studied various aspects of tribal societies, including their movements and social changes.

L.K. Mahapatra has focused on tribal communities in India and their struggles. Dharani Sen is less prominently associated with research on tribal movements. Therefore, the specialists in tribal movements include B.K. RoyBurman, Martin Orans, and L.K. Mahapatra.

25. Arrange the following list of primates from the lowest to the highest taxonomical order:

(a) Indri
(b) Galago
(c) Tarsius
(d) Aotus
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: D. (a), (b), (c), (d)
Solution:Arranging the primates from the lowest to the highest taxonomical order:
  • Indri, which belongs to the family Indriidae within the Lemuriformes.
  • Galago, also known as bushbabies, belong to the family Galagidae within the Strepsirrhini.
  • Tarsius is part of the family Tarsiidae within the Haplorhini.
  • Aotus, the owl monkey, belongs to the family Aotidae within the Platyrrhini.

Hence, the correct ascending order is (a), (b), (c), (d).

26. Match List-I with List-II

LIST-ILIST-II
(a) Tay-sachs diseaseI. Degeneration of the nervous system beginning at about 6 months
(b) PhenylketonuriaII. Reduced or absence of alpha or beta chains in hemoglobin molecule
(c) AlbinismIII. Mental impairment if left untreated during childhood
(d) ThalassemiaIV. Inability to produce normal amounts of the pigment of melanin

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: D.
Solution:Tay-Sachs disease involves the degeneration of the nervous system, beginning at about 6 months.

Phenylketonuria causes mental impairment if left untreated during childhood.

Albinism is characterized by the inability to produce normal amounts of melanin.

Thalassemia involves reduced or absent alpha or beta chains in hemoglobin molecules.

Matching these conditions with their descriptions accurately reflects the specific genetic and physiological traits of each disease.

27. Which of the following types of money is referred for exchanging only some goods and services with certain objects of value in Melanesian societies?

Correct Answer: A. Special purpose money
Solution:Special purpose money in Melanesian societies refers to objects of value used for specific exchanges, such as ceremonial transactions or particular goods and services. This type of money contrasts with generalpurpose money, which can be used for all types of transactions.

Exchange value money and barter involve direct exchanges of goods or services without a standardized medium. Special purpose money, therefore, is specific to certain cultural and economic contexts in Melanesian societies.

28. Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) was introduced to bridge the gap between tribes and non tribal communities by:

(a) increasing access to health and education facilities
(b) access to housing facilities
(c) providing protection against exploitation and oppression
(d) providing increased reservation in government jobs
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: A. (a), (b) and (c) only
Solution:The Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) aims to bridge the gap between tribal and non-tribal communities by increasing access to health and education facilities, providing housing facilities, and protecting against exploitation and oppression. These measures aim to improve the socio-economic status of tribal communities.

While increased reservations in government jobs are also significant, they are not specifically part of the TSP. Thus, the TSP focuses on health, education, housing, and protection against exploitation.

29. A condition where a gene pool is not changing in frequency across generation is called:

Correct Answer: D. Genetic equilibrium
Solution:Genetic equilibrium describes a condition where a gene pool does not change in frequency across generations. This concept is central to the Hardy -Weinberg principle, which states that allele frêquencies in a population remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences.

Transient polymorphism and balanced polymorphism involve changing allele frequencies, while genetic balance refers to a stable genetic state but not necessarily equilibrium. Thus, genetic equilibrium accurately describes the stability of allele frequencies over time.

30. Which of the following characteristics are applicable for 'peppercorn' hair?

(a) Spiral head hair in its extreme
(b) Coil are tight and intermeshed form
(c) This hair type in found among the Bushmen of South-West Africa
(d) This hair type is found among the Polynesians.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: C. (a), (b) and (c) only
Solution:Peppercorn hair, found among the Bushmen of South-West Africa, is characterized by spiral head hair in its extreme form, with tight and intermeshed coils. This hair type is not found among Polynesians, who typically have wavy or straight hair. The combination of spiral structure and tight coils is distinctive to certain African populations, particularly the Bushmen.

Therefore, the most applicable characteristics of peppercorn hair include the spiral form, tight coils, and its occurrence among the Bushmen.