NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, June 2023 (Anthropology)

Total Questions: 100

51. Where is the prehistoric site Attirampakkam located?

Correct Answer: D. Tamil Nadu
Solution:The prehistoric site Attirampakkam is located in Tamil Nadu. This site is significant for its archaeological findings that provide insights into the Paleolithic era in India. Excavations at Attirampakkam have uncovered stone tools that date back to about 1.5 million years ago, making it one of the oldest known archaeological sites in South Asia.

The discoveries at Attirampakkam include bifacial tools, hand axes, and cleavers, which are characteristic of the Acheulian culture. The site provides valuable evidence of early human habitation and technological development in the region. Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka, while rich in cultural history, do not host this particular site.

52. Match List-I with List-II

LIST-ILIST-II
(a) The Rites of PassageI. Max Gluckman
(b) Essays on Rituals of Social relationsII. Roy Rappaport
(c) Ritual and Religion in Making of HumanityIII. Victor Turner
(d) The Ritual Process: Structure and AntistructureIV. Van-Genep

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: В.
Solution:The matching pairs are:
• "The Rites of Passage" was written by Van Gennep. This book is a seminal work in anthropology, exploring the rituals that mark significant transitions in a person's life.
• "Essays on Rituals of Social Relations" was authored by Max Gluckman. This collection examines various social rituals and their implications for social relationships and structure.
• "Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity" is by Roy Rappaport. This work delves into the role of ritual and religion in the development of human societies.
•"The Ritual Process: Structure and Antistructure" was written by Victor Turner. Turner's work is pivotal in the study of ritual, focusing on the concepts of structure and antistructure in social dynamics.
Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

53. Arrange the following in order of its appearance in the Indian subcontinent:

(a) Black and red ware
(b) Painted grey ware
(c) Cord impressed ware
(d) Northern black polished ware
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: D. (c), (a), (b), (d)
Solution:The sequence of pottery types in the Indian subcontinent in order of appearance is as follows:
• Cord impressed ware is one of the earliest types, dating back to the Neolithic period.
•Black and red ware followed, typically associated with the late Neolithic and early Chalcolithic periods.
• Painted grey ware emerged during the late Chalcolithic and early Iron Age, often linked to the Vedic period.
• Northern black polished ware appeared last, during the early historic period, around 700 ВСE to 200 СЕ.

Hence, the correct sequence is (c), (а), (b), (d).

54. Who wrote the book 'The Prehistory and Protohistory of India and Pakistan'?

Correct Answer: C. H.D. Sankalia
Solution:The book "The Prehistory and Protohistory of India and Pakistan" was written by H.D. Sankalia. Sankalia was a pioneering Indian archaeologist whose work significantly advanced the understanding of prehistoric and protohistoric periods in the Indian subcontinent. His extensive research and excavations across various sites contributed to the

knowledge of early human settlements, tool-making practices, and cultural developments in the region. D.K. Bhattacharya, D.D. Kosambi and K. Paddaya also made important contributions to Indian archaeology, but Sankalia authored this specific book.

55. Which of the following characteristics does not belong to Aegyptopithecus?

Correct Answer: A. They appeared during Miocene epoch
Solution:Aegyptopithecus did not appear during the Miocene epoch; rather, it lived during the Oligocene epoch, approximately 30 million years ago. This primate, known as the "Egyptian ape," provides crucial evidence for understanding early primate evolution.

It had lower molars with five cusps, a trait shared with later primates, and its upper canine and lower first premolar formed a shearing mechanism. These features indicate its place in the evolutionary lineage leading to modern apes and humans. The Miocene epoch occurred later, starting around 23 million years ago, making the appearance of Aegyptopithecus during the Oligocene the correct context.

56. Which of the following books are written by D.N. Majumdar?

(a) Races and Culture of India
(b) Fortunes of Primitive Tribes
(c) The Primitive Society
(d) Tribal Life India
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: A. (a) and (b) only
Solution:D.N. Majumdar wrote "Races and Culture of India" and "Fortunes of Primitive Tribes." These books focus on the diverse ethnic groups and tribal communities in India, exploring their cultural practices, social structures, and challenges.

Majumdar's work in anthropology and ethnography has been influential in understanding the complexities of India's tribal and racial diversity. "The Primitive Society" and "Tribal Life in India" were written by other anthropologists. Majumdar's contributions highlight the significance of detailed ethnographic studies in documenting and preserving the cultural heritage of India's indigenous communities.

57. Arrange the following tribal development program/plans in ascending chronological order:

(a) Ashram School
(b) Integrated Tribal Development Program
(c) Jan Dhan Yojna
(d) Conservation-cum-Development Plan
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: A. (b), (a), (d), (c)
Solution:Arranging the tribal development programs/plans in ascending chronological order:
• The Integrated Tribal Development Program was introduced in the early 1970s, aiming to improve the socioeconomic conditions of tribal communities.
• The Ashram School initiative was launched to provide residential education facilities for tribal children, focusing on their overall development.
• The Conservation-cum-Development Plan came next, aiming to balance conservation efforts with the development needs of tribal communities.
• The Jan Dhan Yojna, introduced in 2014, focused on financial inclusion for all citizens, including tribal populations.

Hence, the correct order is (b), (a), (d), (c).

58. Women in the New Guinea Island, who acquire leadership through exchange of valuables are called as

Correct Answer: A. Big Women
Solution:In New Guinea, women who acquire leadership through the exchange of valuables are called Big Women. This term refers to women who gain status and influence within their communities by successfully engaging in gift exchanges, trade, and the accumulation of wealth.

The Big Woman's role is similar to the Big Man system, where leadership is achieved through personal achievements and the ability to redistribute wealth rather than through hereditary or formal positions. Amazon Women, Chief Women, and Ranked Women are not specific terms used in this context. Big Women play a crucial role in the social and economic dynamics of their societies.

59. Which of the following contributed to the growth of ethnoarchaeology?

(a) J.E. Yellen
(b) Paul T. Baker
(c) Ian Hodder
(d) Sol Tаx
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: B. (a) and (c) only
Solution:Ethnoarchaeology, the study of contemporary cultures to understand past human behaviors and material culture, has been significantly contributed to by J.E. Yellen and Ian Hodder. Yellen's work on hunter-gatherer societies provided insights into the interpretation of archaeological evidence.

Ian Hodder's contributions to post-processual archaeology emphasized the importance of understanding the symbolic and cultural contexts of artifacts. Paul T. Baker and Sol Tax made contributions to anthropology but are not specifically known for their work in ethnoarchaeology. Thus, Yellen and Hodder's contributions are central to the growth of this field.

60. Miniature celts were found in:

(a) Dhenkanal
(b) Keonjhar
(c) Sarutaro
(d) Ahar
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: B. (a) and (b) only
Solution:Miniature celts, small stone tools typically associated with the Neolithic period, have been found in Dhenkanal and Keonjhar in Odisha, India. These tools are believed to have been used for various purposes, including woodworking and other daily activities.

The discovery of miniature celts in these regions provides evidence of early human settlement and tool-making practices. Sarutaro and Ahar are not known for such findings. Therefore, the correct locations where miniature celts have been found are Dhenkanal and Keonjhar.