NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, June, 2023 Geography

Total Questions: 100

91. Read the given paragraph carefully and answer the following question?

The average rate of temperature decrease upward in the troposphere is about 6°C per km, extending to the tropopause. This vertical gradient of temperature is commonly referred to as normal lapse rate. Certain processes in the lower troposphere create an actual increase in temperature with an increase in altitude, that is, a temperature inversion.
Temperature inversions may be produced in five ways
(1) When the earth's surface loses more heat by radiation than it gains by any of the energy transfer processes, as on a clear night or radiational cooling (radiation inversion) develop best in calm air under clean skies over flat terrain.
(2) Cold and dense air from hilltops and slopes tends to flow downslope to collect in valley bottoms, creating an inverted lapse rate in the free air over the valley floor. Air drainage inversions are frequently associated with spring frosts in middle altitudes, and for this reason fruit growers prefer gentle slopes to valley bottoms for orchard sites.
(3) When two air masses with different temperature characteristics come together, the colder air, being more dense, tends to put underneath the warmer air replace it. The boundary zones along which two air masses meet are called fronts, and the inverted lapse rate which results is a frontal inversion. Frontal inversions are not confined to the lower layers of the troposphere. They may form at upper levels wherever cold air underruns warm air or warm air advances above cold air.
(4) Advection of warm air over a cold surface creates an inversion in the lower layers of the air mass as the warm air is cooled by conduction.
(5) The subsidence inversion forms in an air mass when a large body of air subsides and spreads out above a lower layer. In the process the air heats dynamically more in the upper portion than at its base. Inversions of this type may develop at considerable altitudes.
Which one of the following is NOT an ideal condition for radiation inversion?

Correct Answer: (a) Short nights
Solution:From the above passage it is clear that clear skies, flat ferrain, calm air are the ideal condition for temperature inversion while short nights are not suitable for temperature inversion.

92. The preferred orchard sites in the middle altitudes are______.

Correct Answer: (b) Ridge-side gentle slopes
Solution:

Ridge sides gentle shopes are ideal for orchard forming because cold dense air blows down from top of mountains to valley bottom which makes fertile valleys frosted for most of times resulting crop failure while gentle slopes are ideal for orchard farming.

93. Permanent snow caps on high mountains even in the tropics is due to______.

Correct Answer: (d) Normal lapse rate
Solution:

Due to normal lapse rate i.e, 6°C per km the mountain tops which is norm 3 to 4 km about the plain ground surface resulted into 18 to 24°C down temperature than ground surface causes it to covered by permanent ice caps

94. Which one of the following is not confined to lower parts of the troposphere?

Correct Answer: (c) Frontal inversion and subsidence inversion
Solution:The explanation of the above passage shows that fontal inversion & subsidence inversion is not confined to the lower part of troposphere.

95. Which one of the following represents advectional inversion?

Correct Answer: (b) Movement of warm air over a cold surface.
Solution:

Movement of warm air over a cold surface causes cold air to move about the warm air and it increase the temperature near the ground then the above layer resulting into inversion of temperature which is also called of advection inversion.

96. In the given diagram regional consumption pattern of energy from various sources is represented Answer the following question on the basis of the diagram.


In which of the two regions, the consumption of coal is less than hydroelectricity?

Correct Answer: (d) Europe and Asia Pacific
Solution:

We can infer from the above graph that
So, from the above graph it is clear that Europe & Asia pacific have consumption of coal less than hydroelectricity.

97. In which region the combined consumption of renewables and hydroelectricity is highest?

Correct Answer: (d) Europe
Solution:

So from the above table it is clear that the combined consumption of renewable & hydroelectricity is highest in Europe.

98. In which one of the following regions, Hydroelectricity is not a source of energy?

Correct Answer: (c) Middle East
Solution:

So from the above table it is clear that middle-east did not have the source of Hydroelectricity.

99. In which region, the combined consumption of renewable and nuclear energy is lowest?

Correct Answer: (a) South America
Solution:So from the above graph it is clear that South America Renewable (20%) Nuclear (5%) combined (25%) is lowest among all the above continents.

100. In which one of the region nuclear energy consumption is more than the renewable energy?

Correct Answer: (c) Africa
Solution:

So from the above table it is clear that Africa have more consumption of Nuclear than Renewable i.e, 20% > 10%.