NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam JUNE-2025 ARCHAEOLOGY

Total Questions: 100

1. The first microliths were discovered by Carlleyle in 1867 found from which region?

Correct Answer: 3. Vindhyan Rock Shelters
Solution:

The first microliths were discovered by Carlleyle in 1867 from the Vindhyan Rock Shelters. Carlleyle conducted extensive explorations in the Vindhyan region (in present-day Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh), where he unearthed small stone tools, known as microliths, indicating the existence of prehistoric human life in India. These discoveries marked the beginning of systematic prehistoric archaeology in the country.

2. Rice is not reported from which of the Chalcolithic sites given below?

Correct Answer: 2. Ahar
Solution:

Rice is not reported from Ahar, among the Chalcolithic sites listed. While sites like PanduRajarDhibi, Mahisdal, and Inamgaon have yielded evidence of rice cultivation, Ahar (in Rajasthan) primarily shows barley and wheat
remains instead. The climatic and environmental conditions of Ahar did not favor rice cultivation, distinguishing it agriculturally from the other sites.

3. Which pottery from the following is called as the 'hallmark of the Megalithic Culture'?

Correct Answer: 2. Black and Red Ware
Solution:

The pottery called the "hallmark of the Megalithic Culture" is the Black and Red Ware. This type of pottery, characterized by its distinctive black interior and red exterior, was produced by a unique firing technique. It is widely found in megalithic burial sites across peninsular India and serves as an important cultural identifier for the Megalithic period.

4. Which one of the following sites known as the "bone tool industry" is?

Correct Answer: 1. Muchchatla Chintamanu Gavi
Solution:

The site known for the "bone tool industry" is Muchchatla Chintamanu Gavi. This site in Kurnool district (Andhra Pradesh) yielded numerous bone tools such as points, scrapers, and borers, demonstrating a sophisticated use
of animal bones for tool-making by prehistoric humans.
The site provides valuable insight into Paleolithic technology and adaptation.

5. Which of the following is a 'workshop site' (where early man made his tools)?

Correct Answer: 2. Chirki-Nevasa
Solution:

The 'workshop site' where early man made his tools is Chirki-Nevasa. Situated in Maharashtra, Chirki-Nevasa is a prominent Lower Paleolithic
(Acheulian) site. Excavations at this site have uncovered numerous finished and unfinished tools, raw materials, and stone flakes - all indicative of large-scale tool-making activities. The presence of such artifacts demonstrates that early hominins used this location as a major tool production or "factory" site, where they shaped and prepared implements such as hand-axes and cleavers.

6. Sanghao, an important Palaeolithic site in Pakistan was excavated for the first time by whom, from the following?

Correct Answer: 2. А.H. Dani
Solution:

The important Palaeolithic site Sanghao, located in Pakistan near Mardan in the North-West Frontier Province, was excavated for the first time by
A.H. Dani. His excavation revealed stone tools such as blades, scrapers, and cores made on chert, showing evidence of human occupation during the Upper Palaeolithic period. The site also provided faunal remains indicating hunting and gathering subsistence patterns.

7. De Terra and Paterson discovered five terraces in Kashmir Valley. Which terrace from the following was caused by erosion during inter-glacial periods?

Correct Answer: 1. Terrace I
Solution:

De Terra and Paterson discovered five river terraces in the Kashmir Valley, each associated with different glacial and inter-glacial phases. Terrace I was formed due to erosion during the second inter-glacial period when climatic warming led to glacial retreat. As rivers like the Sohan began to flow more vigorously, they cut into the older deposits, resulting in the formation of
erosional terraces.
In contrast, 'Terrace II and Terrace IV were depositional, formed during glacial advances, while Terrace V corresponds to the Holocene period, representing the most recent geological epoch.

8. Early Sohan Culture of Potwar region is related with which glacial period from the following?

Correct Answer: 2. II Inter-glacial
Solution:

The Early Sohan Culture of the Potwar region is related to the II Inter-glacial period, as per the original correlation proposed by De Terra and Paterson. Their stratigraphic study in the Soan Valley linked human cultural phases with glacial and inter-glacial cycles. The Early Sohan tools, characterized mainly by pebble and chopper implements, were found in deposits
corresponding to this second inter-glacial phase, a time of relatively warmer climate and river activity conducive to human occupation.

9. The term 'Pre history' was coined by whom for the first time from given below?

Correct Answer: 3. Daniel Wilson
Solution:

The term 'Prehistory' was coined for the first time by Daniel Wilson in 1851. He introduced the term to distinguish between historical periods (with written records) and earlier times for which only material evidence such as tools and fossils existed. This terminology laid the foundation for the systematic study of early human life through archaeology.

10. "Archaeology may be, simply, defined as the systematic study of antiquities as a means of reconstructing the past". Who gave this statement?

Correct Answer: 4. J.G.D. Clark
Solution:

The statement "Archaeology may be, simply,defined as the systematic study of antiquities as a means of reconstructing the past" is attributed to J. G. D. (Grahame) Clark. It appears in his influential work Archaeology and Society and is widely quoted in later summaries of definitions of archaeology.