NTA UGC NET/JRF Re-Exam, June-2024 Economics

BOP surplus occurs when a country's total exports are higher than its imports. This helps to generate capital to fund its domestic productions.
With a surplus in its BOP, a country can also lend funds outside its borders. A surplus in BOP can help to boost the short term economic growth of a country.

(i) When price consumption curve (PCC) for a good is parallel to horizontal axis, the demand function for the good is unitary elastic.
(ii) The condition for stability in simple keynesian system is 0 < MPC < 1.

Maximum profit will come when the price will be maximum.
Price maximum = 10
P = 10 then Q = 2
So. putting this value in equation PQ- Q = π  we will get
10 × 2-2 = π
20 - 2 = π
π = 18

As per National Health Survey - 5, conducted between 2019-2021 the number of females per 1000 males in India was 1020.

■Key points about NFHS 5 data on sex ratio:
■Overall sex ratio: 1020 female per 1000 males.
■Rural sex ratio : Higher than national average.
■Urban sex ratio: Lower than the national average.

(i) Cash Transaction approach- The cash transaction approach of the quantity theory of money was provided by the American Economist Irving Fisher in his book- The Purchasing Power of Money (1911)
(ii) Cash Balance approach - 1917
(iii) Reformulated quantity theory of money- 1956
(iv) Baumol's theory of money - 1952 & 1956
(v) Patinkin's Real Balance - 1948

Instruments of capital market-
(i) Venture Capital
(ii) Global Depository Receipts Capital market instruments are various financial tools available in the capital markets for investment and fundraising.

They include equities like stocks, debt securities like bonds and debentures, derivatives, such as options and futures, Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs), and foreign exchange instruments.

A public good is a commodity or service that is considered both non-excludable (meaning no one can be prevented from using it) and non-rivalrous (meaning one person's use of the good does not diminish its availability to others).

Typically provided by a government and funded through taxes; examples include national defense streetlight and clean air.

Targets of National Health Policy 2017: achieved by 2025:
(i) Maternal Mortality rate: 100
(ii) Total Fertility rate: 21
(iii) Life expectancy at Birth: 70 years
Important Points-
Here are some targets of NHP 2017 that were set to be achieved by 2025.
(i) Life expectancy - 67.5 years to 70 years.
(ii) Under - five Mortality - Reduced under - five mortality to 23
(iii) Increase in Public health facility utilization by 50%
(iv) Sustain antenatal care coverage above 90%
(v) Sustain skilled attendance at birth above 90%
(vi) Ensure that more than 90% of newborns are fully immunized by one year of age.
(vii) Meet the need for family planning above 90% at the national and sub national level
(viii) Ensure that 80% of known hypertensive and diabetic individuals maintain "Controlled disease status".
(xi) Increase Government health expenditure from 1.15% to 2.5% of the GDP.

The fisher effect is an econominal theory that describes the relationship between inflation and interest rates.

The fisher effect states that nominal interest rates change to follow inflation rate. This means that when inflation increases, interest rates also tend to rise, and when inflation decreases, interest rates tend to fall.

(i) Gross Domestic Product
(ii) Distance