NTA UGC NET/JRF Re-Exam, June, 2024 Geography

Total Questions: 100

1. Identify the wrong statements with reference to United Nations sustainable aims of Goal 6.

A. Achieving the goal of universal access to safe and affordable drinking water by 2030.
B. To ensure access to clean energy to all by 2030.
C. Protecting and restoring water-related ecosystems.
D. Application of technological measures to reduce energy consumption in industries and building by 14 percent.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) B and D only
Solution:

In 2015, the United Nations formulated 17 Sustainable Development Goals to be achieved by 2030, of which Goal 6 emphasizes clean water and sanitation. UN Goal 6 aims to achieve universal access to safe and affordable drinking water by 2030. Access to clean energy is described in Goal 7. Goal 6 of the UN Goal includes protecting and restoring aquatic ecosystems. Applying technological means to reduce energy consumption in industries and buildings by 14% is described in Goal 8, not Goal 6. Thus, statements (A) and (C) are correct, while statements (B) and (D) are incorrect. Therefore, option (d) is correct.

2. In 1995, the Basel Convention was amended to prohibit the export of hazardous waste from industrialized to developing countries.

Correct Answer: (b) Ban the export of any hazardous waste
Solution:

In 1995, the Basel Convention was amended to prohibit the export of any hazardous waste from industrialized to developing countries. The Basel Convention is an agreement to protect human health and the environment against the adverse effects of hazardous waste.

3. Land reforms did NOT address the issue of______.

Correct Answer: (d) Dependence of Indian agriculture on monsoon
Solution:

Land reforms did not solve the problem of Indian agriculture's dependence on the monsoon. The land reform programs had the following five objectives:

  1. Elimination of intermediaries.

  2. Land tenure reform.

  3. Determination of maximum and minimum limits on land holdings and distribution of wasteland among landless agricultural laborers and small farmers.

  4. Reorganization of land holdings (consolidation of holdings, etc.) and prevention of their subdivision and fragmentation.

  5. Modernization and proper maintenance of land documents.
    Therefore, option (d) is correct.

4. Arrange the following developments in remote sensing in chronological order.

A. Google Earth serves Digital-Globe and Landsat TM data.
B. SPOT-1 launched
C. ERTS-1 launched
D. IRS-1C launched
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) C, B, D, A
Solution:

The chronological order of the above developments in remote sensing is as follows:
(Satellite) (Year launched)

  • ERTS-1 - 1972

  • SPOT-1 - 1986

  • IRS-1C - 1988

  • Google Earth - 2005
    Hence, option (d) is correct.

5. Which of the following is associated with an understanding of our place in the world based on human superiority and dominance over nature, the unrestricted use of natural resources, and increased economic growth to manage an expanding industrial base?

Correct Answer: (a) Anthropocentric
Solution:

Human superiority and dominance over nature, the unrestrained use of natural resources, and the growth of economic development are all aspects of anthropocentrism. Humans are intelligent beings who, through modern mechanization, are exploiting natural resources in an unrestrained manner, leading to phenomena like global warming. Therefore, humans should use natural resources thoughtfully and scientifically to ensure their future usefulness. All these actions are anthropocentric. Therefore, option (a) is correct.

6. The present trend of global warming is a result of______.

Correct Answer: (c) Changes in composition of atmosphere
Solution:

The current trend of global warming is the result of changes in the composition of the atmosphere. The main greenhouse gases currently causing concern in global warming are carbon dioxide (СО2), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ozone (O3).
Some other gases, such as nitric oxide (NO₂) and carbon monoxide (CO2), readily react with greenhouse gases and affect their atmospheric concentrations. The threat of global warming is due to the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Therefore, option (c) is correct.

7. Arrange the following development plans of India in descending order of their launch year.

A. Desert Development Program
B. Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojana
C. Command Area Development Program
D. National Watershed Development Program in Rainfed Areas.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Correct Answer: (d) B, D, A, C
Solution:

India's development plans are arranged in descending order based on the year of their launch:
National Equitable Development Plan - 2003-04
National Watershed Development Program in Rainfed Areas - 1990-91
Desert Development Programme - 1977-78
Command Area Development Programme - 1974-75
Therefore, option (d) is the correct order.

8. In the following, which one represents the group of erosional landforms.

Correct Answer: (a) Zeugen, Truncated Spurs, Lapies
Solution:

The erosional landforms in the given groups are: Zeugen, Ruined Ridge, and Lapies.
Zeugen - is a wind-erosive landform.
Lapies - is an erosional landform formed by karst.
Ruined Ridge - is an erosional landform formed by wind.
Hence, option (a) is correct.

9. Identify the correct statements with reference to population composition of India, based on Census of India, 2011.

A. Sex ratio in Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh was more than the national average.
B. The level of literacy in Uttar Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh was more than the national average.
C. The share (%) of Buddhists in the population of Sikkim is more than the share of Muslims in the population of Uttar Pradesh.
D. The share of Sikh population in Chandigarh is more than 10 percent and in Haryana it is less than 10 percent.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Correct Answer: (d) C and D only
Solution:

According to the 2011 Census, the national average sex ratio is 943, while Gujarat's sex ratio is 919 and Himachal Pradesh's sex ratio is 972. India's national literacy rate (2011) is 73.0%, while Uttar Pradesh's literacy rate is 67.7% and Andhra Pradesh's literacy rate is 73.0%. Buddhists constitute 27.39% of Sikkim's population, while Muslims constitute approximately 19.26% of Uttar Pradesh's population. Chandigarh's Sikh population is 13.11%, which is more than 9%, and Haryana's Sikh population is 4.91%, which is less than 10%. Therefore, statements (C) and (D) are correct, while statements (A) and (B) are incorrect. Therefore, option (d) is correct.

10. Match the List-I with List-II.

Correct Answer: (b) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
Solution:

The correct pair of transport indices is as follows:
List I (Indices) List II (Equations)
Beta - e/v
Pi-c/d
Gamma -e/3 (v-2)
Theta - T/V
Hence, option (b) is the correct match.