NTA UGC NET/JRF Re-Exam, June, 2024 Geography

Different rates of heating and cooling of land and ocean, upper air circulation, ENSO, etc. are related to the origin and process of the southwest monsoon, whereas western disturbances are not related to the southwest monsoon. It is characterized by the influx of cyclonic disturbances from the west and northwest into the northern plains during winter.
This low-pressure system originates over the Mediterranean Sea and western Asia and enters India with westerly winds. This causes rainfall in the plains and snowfall in the mountains during winter. This is very useful for the Rabi crops.

The correct matching pair is as follows:
List I (Book)                       List II (Author)
Towns and Cities                   - Jones
The City in History               - Mumford
Cities in Evolution                - Gaddis
Geography of Towns            - Smales
Hence, option (b) is the correct matching.

The Labrador Current is a cold current that originates in the Baffin Bay and Davis Strait of the Atlantic Ocean, flows along the Newfoundland coast, east of the Grand Banks, and then merges with the Gulf Stream east of 50°W. The confluence of the Labrador and Gulf Streams causes dense fog near Newfoundland, hindering ocean traffic.
The Florida Current is a warm current; it is the northern extension of the North Equatorial Current, which reaches the Gulf of Mexico through the Yucatan Channel. The North Equatorial Current turns right near the Philippines, turns north, and gives rise to the Kuroshio Current. The East Australia Current is a warm current.

A brownfield site refers to land that has been previously used and has become abandoned. Before it can be used for development, it must be secured. Greenfield land refers to undeveloped land, often in high demand for commercial projects within a city. A yellowfield site is property that is undergoing renovation or expansion.
The yellowfield approach is a spatial economic model. Residential construction is often planned on land designated as a yellow zone. Additionally, many small businesses can be established in the yellow zone. Redfield land is considered an unsafe area, so the government declares it a nodevelopment zone.

Ocean temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere are higher than those in the Southern Hemisphere. The average annual temperatures of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are around 19.4°C and 16.1°C, respectively. This difference is due to the uneven distribution of land and water between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
The annual temperature range in the Atlantic Ocean is greater than that of the Pacific Ocean. In the open oceans, the areas of highest salinity are located in the subtropical highpressure zones. Generally, the salinity ofthe open ocean ranges from 33° to 37°C because evaporation exceeds precipitation.
The salinity of the Black Sea is low, not high, due to the large amount of freshwater brought in by rivers. Therefore, statements (A) and (D) are incorrect, while statements (B) and (C) are correct.

The correct order of the following trenches of the Pacific Ocean from north to south is:Hence, option (b) is the correct arrangement.

A clinographic curve is a graph that plots the slope of the ground against the contour elevation, starting at the top of an area. It is used to show the average slope angle of areas between contours and to identify significant breaks in slope. The relationship between horizontal and vertical scales is not known as horizontal extremes. When a profile is drawn along a section of a river or road, it is called a longitudinal profile. A transverse profile does not provide a bird'seye view with a distant skyline, a midground, and a foreground. Therefore, option (c) is correct.

The concentric circle model is based on a fundamental concept of urban ecology. The concentric ring theory, the first generalizing theory for the internal structure of cities and the development of various functional areas, was proposed by American sociologist Burgess in 1925. According to Burgess's concentric ring theory, various functional areas of a city are located in the form of concentric belts. According to him, five functional belts are found from the city center outward, respectively:
1. Central Business District
2. Transition Zone
3. Housing Area for Independent Workers
4. Better Residential Area
|5. Accessibility Area
Therefore, option (b) is correct.

Natural gas is an important energy resource found alongside or separately from petroleum, not just in oil fields. Oil wells have a lower density than oilbearing rocks. Bituminous is a high-quality coal with a carbon content of 60-80 percent.
It has a high combustibility and produces less smoke when burned. It accounts for the largest amount of coal production in the world. Russia has the largest natural gas reserves in the world (19.88%). Therefore, it is clear that statements (A) and (B) are incorrect, while statements (C) and (D) are correct. Thus, the correct answer is option (a).