NTA UGC NET/JRF Re-Exam, June, 2024 Geography

The Ekman spiral effect explains the deflection of surface currents. The direction of the wind and the direction of the current generated by it do not coincide completely. The Earth's rotation causes the direction of the current to deflect.
In the Northern Hemisphere, this deflection is to the right and in the Southern Hemisphere, it is to the left. This phenomenon was first observed by Nansen and later proved mathematically by Ekman. In the Northern Hemisphere, the current generated by the wind will deflect at an angle of 45° to the right of its direction (wind), and in the Southern Hemisphere, it will deflect at an angle of 45° to the left.

The percentages of various gases in the composition of the atmosphere, in descending order, are as follows:
(Gas) (in percent by mass)
Nitrogen -78.8%
Oxygen -20.95%
Argon -0.93%
Carbon dioxide - 0.03%
Nion -0.002%
Krypton - 0.001%
Helium -0.0005%
Xenon -0.00009%
Hydrogen - 0.00005%
Therefore, option (a) is correct.

Voting behavior in India is influenced by number of factors, such as the candidate's caste, the leader's image (charismatic leader), the candidate's party, etc. However, the candidate's age does not play a significant role in determining voting behavior.

List I (Landform)            List II (Earthquake)
Wasatch Range             - Mountain building
Colorado Plateau          - Continental formation
Narmada Valley            - Faulting
Laki Plain                       - Volcanic origin
Therefore, option (d) is correctly matched.

Of the 100 units of incoming solar radiation, 35 are reflected into space before reaching the Earth's surface, of which 27 are reflected by clouds. Therefore, clouds play a major role in the albedo of the Earth's atmosphere system. Except for the first 35 units, the remaining 65 units are absorbed, 14 by the atmosphere and 51 by the Earth's surface.
Therefore, the statement that the atmosphere absorbs more of the incoming solar radiation than the Earth's surface is incorrect. In the latitudinal belt from 30° north to the Arctic Circle, incoming solar radiation is not greater than outgoing terrestrial radiation, but rather less. Therefore, the given statement is incorrect.
In latitudinal heat transfer, atmospheric circulation is stronger than oceanic circulation, because the general circulation of the atmosphere also affects the oceans. Large-scale winds in the atmosphere cause ocean currents to flow at slower and faster speeds. Therefore, the given statement is correct. Thus, option (d) is correct.

Workers engaged in secondary activities are also called blue-collar workers. Occupations in this category primarily convert materials obtained from primary occupations into manufactured goods. For example, iron is converted into steel, wheat into flour, wood into furniture and paper.
Those engaged in tertiary activities are called pink-collar workers, those engaged in quaternary activities are called white-collar workers, those engaged in quaternary activities are called gold-collar workers, and those engaged in primary activities are called red-collar workers.

Telegraph Plateau is in the North Atlantic Ocean, while Albatross Plateau is in the South Pacific Ocean, not the South Atlantic Ocean. Walvis Ridge separates the Angola Basin from the Agulhas Basin. Carlsberg Ridge is located in the Indian Ocean. Amsterdam-Saint Paul Plateau is located in the South Indian Ocean, not the South Pacific Ocean. Therefore, statements (B) and (C) are correct, while statements (A) and (D) are not correct.

India's road network is the second largest in the world. Road transport's share in passenger traffic exceeds rail transport's. The Bharatmala project includes the development of economic corridors and multi-modal logistics parks as key components.
Under the Sagarmala project, a new major port will be developed at Bellikeri, which is in Karnataka, not Tamil Nadu. National Waterway No. 5 includes the Matai River, the Mahanadi delta channel, the Brahmani River, and a special stretch of the Brahmani River along with the East Coast Canal. The total length is 588 km. Therefore, statements (A) and (B) are correct, while statements (C) and (D) are incorrect. Therefore, option (a) is correct.

Among the given options, boreal forest has the highest average net primary productivity (in grams per square meter per year). Highest primary productivity is 10 to 25 grams per square meter per day. Examples: estuaries, coral reefs, alluvial plains at the meeting points of continents and oceans, etc.
Highest productivity is 3 to 16 grams per square meter per day. Examples: warm moist forests, shallow lakes, wetlands, etc. Lowest primary productivity is less than 0.5 grams per square meter per day. Examples: deep oceans, deserts, arctic regions, etc. Hence, option (b) is correct.