Nuclear (Physics) Part-II

Total Questions: 39

21. What is the 'Manhattan Project'? [69ᵗʰ B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (a) A research and development undertaking that produced the first nuclear weapons
Solution:

The Manhattan Project was a program of research and development undertaken during World War II to produce the first nuclear weapons. It was led by the United States in collaboration with the United Kingdom and Canada.

Nuclear physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory that designed the bombs.

22. The official code name of the Pokhran nuclear test 1974, was- [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]

Correct Answer: (a) Smiling Buddha
Solution:

'Smiling Buddha' (MEA designation: Pokhran-I) was the assigned code name of India's first nuclear weapon explosion on May 18, 1974.

23. The Pokhran II test was conducted on- [43ʳᵈ B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]

Correct Answer: (c) May 11th, 1998
Solution:

Pokhran-II was the series of five nuclear bomb tests conducted by India under operation "Shakti" at the Indian Army's Pokhran test range on May 11 and 13, 1998. It was the second Indian nuclear test after Pokhran-I.

24. 'Operation Shakti' - 98 is the name: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]

Correct Answer: (a) Given to the nuclear test carried out at Pokharan in 1998
Solution:

On May 11 and 13, 1998, India carried out five (5) underground nuclear tests at Pokhran range, Rajasthan. This nuclear bomb test explosion was named as Operation Shakti-98.

25. In May, 1998 India had conducted 5 nuclear tests at Pokhran. In which state does Pokhran lie? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]

Correct Answer: (b) Rajasthan
Solution:

Pokhran is in the Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan. It is a remote location in the Thar Desert region and served as the test site for India's underground nuclear weapon detonations.

26. The Nuclear doctrine of India contains [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (d) All of the above
Solution:

The draft of Indian Nuclear Doctrine was first prepared by National Security Advisory Board (NSAB) in August, 1999. The nuclear doctrine of India contains all of the above given options.

27. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]

1. The Nuclear Security Summits are periodically held under the aegis of the United Nations.

2. The International Panel on Fissile Materials is an organ of International Atomic Energy Agency.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution:

The Nuclear Security Summit initiative was announced in the April, 2009 speech by U.S. President Barack Obama, in which he pledged to hold a global summit on nuclear security in 2010 as part of an effort to secure all vulnerable nuclear material around the world within four years.

There were four summits in total in Washington DC. in 2010, in Seoul, South Korea in 2012, in the Hague, Netherlands in 2014, and in Washington D.C. again in 2016.

The International Panel on Fissile Materials (IPFM) was founded in January. 2006 and is an independent group of arms-control and non-proliferation experts from both Nuclear Weapon and Non-Nuclear Weapon States.

28. Assertion (A): CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) is the world's largest particle Physics Laboratory. [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

Reason (R): CERN is French acronym of the name of the provisional body founded 2 years before the organization came into existence.

Code:

Correct Answer: (b) Both (A) are (R) are individually true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Solution:

The European Organization for Nuclear Research is a European research organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world. CERN is French acronym of the name of the provisional body was founded in 1952, just 2 years before the organization came into existence, ie. in 1954.

It was established in a north west suburb of Geneva on the Franco-Swiss border.

29. In which one of the following locations is the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project to be built? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (b) Southern France
Solution:

ITER (The Latin word for "The Way") is a large-scale scientific experiment intended to prove the viability of fusion as an energy source. ITER is currently under construction in the France.

In an unprecedented international effort, seven partners- The European Union, China, India, Japan, South Korea, Russia and the United States have pooled their financial and scientific resources to build a biggest fusion reactor in history.

One more fact about ITER is that it will not produce electricity, but it will resolve critical scientific and technical issues in order to take fusion to the point where industrial applications can be designed.

30. India is an important member of the 'International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor'. If this experiment succeeds, what is the immediate advantage for India? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (d) It can build fusion reactors for power generation
Solution:

ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) is an experimental fusion reactor being constructed presently at Cadarache, in the south of France.

ITER is a step towards future production of electricity from fusion energy. Nuclear fusion is the process in which the sun and the stars produce energy by fusing light nuclei of hydrogen.