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Partition of India and Independence

📆 October 24, 2024

Total Questions: 50

41. Consider the following the statements: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]

Assertion (A) : The Indian National Congress accepted the Mountbatten plan.
Reason (R) : It believed in two-nation theory.
Select the correct answer from the code given below :

Correct Answer: (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
Solution:Assertion (A) is correct, but reason (R) is wrong as though INC accepted Mountbatten plan, but they never accepted 'Two Nation Theory'. The reason behind their acceptance of the Mountbatten Plan was to avoid communal riots in the country.

42. As an alternative to the partition of India, Gandhiji suggested to Mountbatten that he [I.A.S. (Pre) 2009]

Correct Answer: (b) Invite Jinnah to form the Government.
Solution:The first meeting between Gandhiji and Mountbatten had taken place on 31st March, 1947. Jinnah and Mountbatten discussed the partition of India. Gandhiji said, “Why must there be partition? I shall not part with an inch of land of India. If the Congress wishes to accept partition, it will be over my dead body. I have been telling the Viceroy that there is another way. Let Jinnah keep his Pakistan, but let him be the Prime Minister of India." But there was no one to listen to Gandhiji. Mountbatten, however, made it clear that the Muslim League did not accept the principle of minority rule over the majority and, therefore, his suggestion was not acceptable.

43. The Boundary Commission was appointed to [I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]

Correct Answer: (a) Demarcate the boundaries between India and Pakistan.
Solution:After the Victory of British India, Lord Mountbatten formed two Commissions namely Punjab Border Commission and Bengal Border Commission to solve the border difference between India and Pakistan on both sides.
Its President on both sides was Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who divided India into two halves—India and Pakistan. Two commissions, one for Bengal and another for Punjab, were appointed for this purpose. They had to consider other factors too. There were four members on each commission, two each from Indian National Congress and from the Muslim League.

44. Who headed the Boundary Commission appointed in 1947 in the context of India's partition? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]

Correct Answer: (a) Cyril Radcliffe
Solution:After the Victory of British India, Lord Mountbatten formed two Commissions namely Punjab Border Commission and Bengal Border Commission to solve the border difference between India and Pakistan on both sides.
Its President on both sides was Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who divided India into two halves—India and Pakistan. Two commissions, one for Bengal and another for Punjab, were appointed for this purpose. They had to consider other factors too. There were four members on each commission, two each from Indian National Congress and from the Muslim League.

45. Who among the following headed the two Boundary Commissions set up to delineate the international boundaries between India and Pakistan in 1947? [68th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2012]

Correct Answer: (a) Cyril Radcliffe
Solution:India and Punjab Boundary commissions were established to resolve the boundary dispute. British lawyer Cyril Radcliffe was appointed as the chairman of this commission, who had to take into account the census report of India of 1941. He completed his work on 12th August, 1947 and divided Punjab and Bengal into two parts.

46. The last opportunity to avoid the partition of India was lost with the rejection of [I.A.S. (Pre) 2002]

Correct Answer: (c) Cabinet Mission Plan
Solution:The Cabinet Mission of India of 1946 had come up with a plan to avoid partition and was welcomed by the Congress as it was the last opportunity to avoid partition. But the Muslim League opposed the plan as it felt that the Congress would take advantage of it. The Muslim League approved the plan on 6th June, 1946. On July 29, it reject plan and called the Muslims to resort to "Direct Action" to achieve the land of their dream "Pakistan." August 16, 1946 was fixed as "Direct Action Day." As a result the last opportunity to avoid the partition of India was lost with the  rejection of Cabinet Mission.

47. Which one of the following parties was in power in the U.K. when India got independence? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]

Correct Answer: (b) Labour Party
Solution:During the independence of India, Clement Richard Attlee from the Labour Party was the Prime Minister of the U.K. He was the Prime Minister of the U.K. from 1945 to 1951.

48. Who was the Prime Minister of England when India attained independence? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]

Correct Answer: (b) Clement Attlee
Solution:During the independence of India, Clement Richard Attlee from the Labour Party was the Prime Minister of the U.K. He was the Prime Minister of the U.K. from 1945 to 1951.

49. The British Government decided and declared to leave India by June, 1948 in: [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

Correct Answer: (b) February, 1947
Solution:Prime Minister of Britain Attlee declared in the House of Commons on February 20, 1947, that British would leave India before June 1948, after transferring power to liable people. Attlee appointed Lord Mountbatten as the Viceroy of India in place of Wavell. Mountbatten initiated the efforts of power transfer in March 1947.

50. Lord Mountbatten came to India as a Viceroy along with specific instructions to: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1998]

Correct Answer: (b) Keep India united if possible
Solution:The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Clement Attlee, announced on 20th February, 1947, in the House of Commons that he wished to transfer powers to India but also said that if in time the decision related to the constitution is not made, the British Empire has the power to transfer Government to any of them. Thus, to effect the transfer of power, Attlee decided to send Lord Mountbatten as Viceroy to India. Lord Mountbatten, armed with vast powers, became India’s Viceroy on 24th March, 1947. Mountbatten became Viceroy of India with a mandate to oversee the British withdrawal. Lord Mountbatten came to India as Viceroy of India along with specific instructions to keep India united if possible; however, he was authorized to make decisions according to favorable Indian circumstances and minimize British loss. Mountbatten concluded that a United India was an unachievable goal and resigned himself to a plan for partition, creating the independent nations of India and Pakistan.
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