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Peasant Movement and Kisan Sabha

📆 October 21, 2024

Total Questions: 36

1. The first peasant movement on India was: [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1992]

Correct Answer: (d) Bijolia
Solution:Feudal exploiation of the peasantry was common in Mewar (Modern Rajasthan) in latter half of the nineteenth century. This led to Bijolia Movement. It was the first Peasant Movement of India. The leadership of the Movement was initially provided by Sadhu Sitaram Das in 1913 and later in 1915 by Vijay Singh Pathik.

2. Who among the following was linked closely with Kisan Sabha Movement in the 1930s? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (b) Swami Sahajananda
Solution:During the decade of 1930, Swami Sahajanand was closely associated with the Kisan Sabha Movement. The Bihar Kisan Sabha was founded by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, and he was elected as the President of the first All India Kisan Conference held at Lucknow in 1936.

3. What was the aim of Eka Movement in Oudh? [39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]

Correct Answer: (d) Transformation of rent into cash.
Solution:The grassroots leadership of the Eka Movement was Madari Pasi and other low-caste leaders and many small Zamindars. Towards the end of 1921, peasant discontent resurfaced in some northern districts of the United Provinces—Hardoi, Bahraich, Sitapur, etc. The issues involved were:

(i) High rents—50 percent higher than the recorded rates;
(ii) Oppression by Thikedars in charge of revenue collection;
(iii) The practice of share-rents.

The meetings of the Eka or the Unity Movement involved a symbolic religious ritual in which the assembled peasants vowed that they would:

(i) Pay only the recorded rent but would pay it on time;
(ii) Not leave when evicted;
(iii) Refuse to do forced labor;
(iv) No help to the criminals;
(v) Abide by Panchayat decisions.

By March 1922, however, severe repression on the part of the authorities succeeded in bringing the Eka Movement to its end.

4. EKA - Movement was started by: [U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2017]

Correct Answer: (d) Peasants of Hardoi, Barabanki, and other places of U.P.
Solution:The grassroots leadership of the Eka Movement was Madari Pasi and other low-caste leaders and many small Zamindars. Towards the end of 1921, peasant discontent resurfaced in some northern districts of the United Provinces—Hardoi, Bahraich, Sitapur, etc. The issues involved were:

(i) High rents—50 percent higher than the recorded rates;
(ii) Oppression by Thikedars in charge of revenue collection;
(iii) The practice of share-rents.

The meetings of the Eka or the Unity Movement involved a symbolic religious ritual in which the assembled peasants vowed that they would:

(i) Pay only the recorded rent but would pay it on time;
(ii) Not leave when evicted;
(iii) Refuse to do forced labor;
(iv) No help to the criminals;
(v) Abide by Panchayat decisions.

By March 1922, however, severe repression on the part of the authorities succeeded in bringing the Eka Movement to its end.

5. Who formed Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha? [65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]

Correct Answer: (a) Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
Solution:All India Congress was founded in Lucknow in April, 1936 with Swami Sahajanand Saraswati as the  President and N.G. Ranga as the general secretary. Later, it was  renamed All India Kisan Sabha. A kisan manifesto was issued and started a periodical session under Indulal Yagnik. The Bihar Kisan Sabha was founded by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati. The All India Kisan Sabha and the Congress held their second session in Faizpur in 1936. The Congress manifesto (especially the agraian policy) for the 1937 provincial election was  strongly influenced by the All India Kisan Sabha's agenda.

6. Swami Sahajanand Saraswati published a journal named: [63rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2017]

Correct Answer: (b) Hunkar
Solution:Swami Sahajanand Saraswati (1889-1950) was a Sanyasi and a prominent farmers' right activist. He was also an Indian freedom fighter. He was a forceful writer and ran the Hindi weekly Hunkar from Patna.

7. Swami Sahajananda was related to which of the following? [66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]

Correct Answer: (c) Peasant Movement in Bihar
Solution:Swami Sahajanand Saraswati (1889-1950) was a Sanyasi and a prominent farmers' right activist. He was also an Indian freedom fighter. He was a forceful writer and ran the Hindi weekly Hunkar from Patna.

8. Who presided over the first session of All India Kisan Sabha? [47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]

Correct Answer: (a) Swami Sahajananda
Solution:All India Congress was founded in Lucknow in April, 1936 with Swami Sahajanand Saraswati as the  President and N.G. Ranga as the general secretary. Later, it was  renamed All India Kisan Sabha. A kisan manifesto was issued and started a periodical session under Indulal Yagnik. The Bihar Kisan Sabha was founded by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati. The All India Kisan Sabha and the Congress held their second session in Faizpur in 1936. The Congress manifesto (especially the agraian policy) for the 1937 provincial election was  strongly influenced by the All India Kisan Sabha's agenda.

9. Who among the following was not associated with the formation of U.P. Kisan Sabha in February, 1918? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2005]

Correct Answer: (c) Jawaharlal Nehru
Solution:The activists of the Home Rule League Movement were very active in Oudh. Mainly due to the efforts of the Home Rule activists, Kisan Sabhas were organized in U.P. The U.P. Kisan Sabha was set up in February 1918 by Gauri Shankar Mishra and Indra Narayan Dwivedi. Madan Mohan Malaviya supported their efforts. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru was not associated with the formation of U.P. Kisan Sabha.

10. In 1918, the United Provinces Kisan Sabha was formed by which of the following leaders? [U.P.P.S.C. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (c) Indra Narayan Dwivedi
Solution:The activists of the Home Rule League Movement were very active in Oudh. Mainly due to the efforts of the Home Rule activists, Kisan Sabhas were organized in U.P. The U.P. Kisan Sabha was set up in February 1918 by Gauri Shankar Mishra and Indra Narayan Dwivedi. Madan Mohan Malaviya supported their efforts. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru was not associated with the formation of U.P. Kisan Sabha.
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