PGT Commerce Level-3 (HTEТ), Exam 2023

Total Questions: 50

21. Choose the correct sequence of the five stages of Freud's Psychosexual development theory:

Correct Answer: C. Oral stage → Anal stage → Phallic stage → Latency stage → Genital stage
Solution:

Freud's Psychosexual Development Theory outlines five stages in the following sequence: Oral stage → Anal stage → Phallic stage → Latency stage → Genital stage. Each stage represents the focus of the libido on different areas of the body and significant psychological developments.

22. According to Pavlov's Classical Conditioning theory of learning, which temporal sequence presentation of natural and conditioned stimuli will most affect learning?

Correct Answer: B. Delay
Solution:

According to Pavlov's Classical Conditioning theory, the delay conditioning, where the conditioned stimulus (CS) precedes and overlaps with the unconditioned stimulus (US), is the most effective for learning. This sequence allows the subject to associate the CS with the US strongly.

23. In which stage of Piaget's Cognitive Development theory does the ability of abstract thinking and generalization develop?

Correct Answer: D. Formal operational
Solution:

The formal operational stage, which occurs from approximately age 12 onwards in Piaget's Cognitive Development theory, is when the ability for abstract thinking and generalization develops. Children can think logically about abstract propositions and test hypotheses systematically.

24. Which of the following educational arrangements shouldn't be made for talented students?

Correct Answer: C. Remedial teaching
Solution:

Remedial teaching is not suitable for talented students as it is designed to help students who are struggling with their studies. Talented students benefit more from opportunities for independent project work, acceleration, and enrichment programs that challenge and extend their abilities.

25. Which one of the following is not a principle of inclusive education?

Correct Answer: A. Principle of segregation
Solution:

The principle of segregation is not a principle of inclusive education. Inclusive education is based on principles such as cooperation, celebrating diversity, and ensuring the right to education for all children. Segregation, on the other hand, isolates children with disabilities or differences, which is contrary to the inclusive education approach.

26. Which of the following way does not support the teaching according to individual differences?

Correct Answer: A. Large group of students
Solution:

Large groups of students do not support teaching according to individual differences. To address individual needs effectively, smaller groups or individualized instruction, curriculum adaptation, and understanding each student's abilities are essential.
Large groups make it difficult to cater to the unique learning styles and needs of each student.

27. Which is not a role of educational institutions in addressing the needs of children with special need?

Correct Answer: C. Identify their special needs and exclude them from mainstreaming
Solution:

Identifying special needs and excluding children from mainstreaming is not a role of educational institutions in addressing the needs of children with special needs. Schools should aim for inclusive education by admitting students without discrimination, providing accessible facilities, and offering necessary support services.

28. Which of the following statement is not correct in context of development?

Correct Answer: B. Later development is more critical than early development.
Solution:

The statement that later development is more critical than early development is incorrect. Early development is often considered more critical because it lays the foundation for future growth and development. Early experiences and learning are crucial in shaping a child's cognitive, social, and emotional development.

29. The three dimensional model of the inclusive education propounded by whom?

Correct Answer: A. Griffith, Cooper and Ringlaben
Solution:

The three-dimensional model of inclusive education was propounded by Griffith, Cooper, and Ringlaben. This model emphasizes the inclusion of all students in the educational process, considering multiple dimensions such as physical, instructional, and social inclusion.

30. "Socialization means attaining of maturity in social relationships". This definition of socialization is given by whom?

Correct Answer: D. Hurlock
Solution:

"Socialization means attaining of maturity in social relationships". This definition of socialization is given by Hurlock. Socialization is the process by which individuals learn and adopt the norms, values, behaviours, and social skills necessary to function effectively in society. It involves the development of mature social relationships through interaction with family, peers, and other social agents.